Oleanolic Acid Improves Gut Atrophy Induced by Parenteral Nutrition

Jain, Ajay K.; Wen, Joy X.; Blomenkamp, Keith; Arora, Sumit; Blaufuss, Timothy A.; Rodrigues, Jonathan; Long, J. P.; Neuschwander‐Tetri, Brent A.; Teckman, Jeffrey

doi:10.1177/0148607115583536

Cited by 21 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…We have previously noted significant elevation in serum bilirubin level in piglets with intact gut receiving PN. 3,16,33,44 In this study, we also noted that there was a significant elevation in serum bilirubin level in all piglets receiving PN. There was additionally a large variability in the serum bilirubin within each group.…”

Section: Serum Bilirubin and Liver Histologysupporting

confidence: 70%

“…One of the most important markers for cholestatic liver injury with PN is elevated serum bilirubin level. We have previously noted significant elevation in serum bilirubin level in piglets with intact gut receiving PN …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The PN was placed in nutrition bags (Medtec Medical, EVA, Product Code 66050) and replaced every 12 hours. Isocaloric nutrition 33 was provided to all animals for a period of approximately 2 weeks as previously published. 3,16 Animal Care Animal weights were recorded daily, before nutrition bag changes.…”

Section: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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No Gut No Gain! Enteral Bile Acid Treatment Preserves Gut Growth but Not Parenteral Nutrition–Associated Liver Injury in a Novel Extensive Short Bowel Animal Model

Villalona

Price

Blomenkamp

et al. 2018

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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Section: Serum Bilirubin and Liver Histologysupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 1 more Smart Citation

No Gut No Gain! Enteral Bile Acid Treatment Preserves Gut Growth but Not Parenteral Nutrition–Associated Liver Injury in a Novel Extensive Short Bowel Animal Model

Villalona

Price

Blomenkamp

et al. 2018

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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“…11,12 Bile acids, traditionally considered as toxic agents, have emerged as major signaling molecules maintaining several homeostatic pathways involved in insulin, glucose metabolism, lipid regulation, as well as regulators of hepatic steatosis. 13,14 Marked increases in serum bile acids and its subfractions have been noted after RYGB in comparison with weight-matched controls. 12,15 New research provides evidence that enteral bile acid treatment activates the nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), in gut epithelial cells.…”

Section: Gastric Bypass Farnesoid X Receptor and Bile Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the 2017 ASPEN Research Workshop—Gastric Bypass: Role of the Gut

Jain

Roux

Puri

et al. 2018

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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The goal of the National Institutes of Health-funded American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 2017 research workshop (RW) "Gastric Bypass: Role of the Gut" was to focus on the exciting research evaluating gut-derived signals in modulating outcomes after bariatric surgery. Although gastric bypass surgery has undoubted positive effects, the mechanistic basis of improved outcomes cannot be solely explained by caloric restriction. Emerging data suggest that bile acid metabolic pathways, luminal contents, energy balance, gut mucosal integrity, as well as the gut microbiota are significantly modulated after bariatric surgery and may be responsible for the variable outcomes, each of which was rigorously evaluated. The RW served as a timely and novel academic meeting that brought together clinicians and researchers across the scientific spectrum, fostering a unique venue for interdisciplinary collaboration among investigators. It promoted engaging discussion and evolution of new research hypotheses and ideas, driving the development of novel ameliorative, therapeutic, and nonsurgical interventions targeting obesity and its comorbidities. Importantly, a critical evaluation of the current knowledge regarding gut-modulated signaling after bariatric surgery, potential pitfalls, and lacunae were thoroughly addressed.

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“…In some patients, progression to liver failure or death may occur. Additionally, many studies using animal models to evaluate the effect of TPN on the gut have observed intestinal mucosal atrophy [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Gut–Liver Axis in Driving Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Injury

et al. 2018

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For decades, parenteral nutrition (PN) has been a successful method for intravenous delivery of nutrition and remains an essential therapy for individuals with intolerance of enteral feedings or impaired gut function. Although the benefits of PN are evident, its use does not come without a significant risk of complications. For instance, parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD)—a well-described cholestatic liver injury—and atrophic changes in the gut have both been described in patients receiving PN. Although several mechanisms for these changes have been postulated, data have revealed that the introduction of enteral nutrition may mitigate this injury. This observation has led to the hypothesis that gut-derived signals, originating in response to the presence of luminal contents, may contribute to a decrease in damage to the liver and gut. This review seeks to present the current knowledge regarding the modulation of what is known as the “gut–liver axis” and the gut-derived signals which play a role in PN-associated injury.

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Oleanolic Acid Improves Gut Atrophy Induced by Parenteral Nutrition

Abstract: The bile acid-activated G protein-coupled receptor TGR5 agonist OA prevented gut atrophy associated with PN.

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

No Gut No Gain! Enteral Bile Acid Treatment Preserves Gut Growth but Not Parenteral Nutrition–Associated Liver Injury in a Novel Extensive Short Bowel Animal Model

No Gut No Gain! Enteral Bile Acid Treatment Preserves Gut Growth but Not Parenteral Nutrition–Associated Liver Injury in a Novel Extensive Short Bowel Animal Model

Proceedings of the 2017 ASPEN Research Workshop—Gastric Bypass: Role of the Gut

Role of the Gut–Liver Axis in Driving Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Injury

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