Oldest Fossil Records of Marine Protists and the Geologic History Toward the Establishment of the Modern-Type Marine Protist World

Suzuki, Noritoshi; Oba, Makoto

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55130-0_15

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 161 publications

(173 reference statements)

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“…Silica fi xation by Spumellaria and Nassellaria mainly contributes to transport silica to the sea bottom as siliceous sediments worldwide. The contribution of silica fi xation by polycystines was very important between the late Carboniferous and the Early Cretaceous as "chert" rock (or radiolarites) was deposited worldwide (see details in Suzuki and Oba 2015 ). Heavy metal and rare elements are detected in polycystine skeletons (Chen and Tan 1996 ).…”

Section: Contributions To Inorganic Biochemical Cyclementioning

confidence: 97%

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Biology and Ecology of Radiolaria

Suzuki

Not

2015

Marine Protists

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Radiolaria are unicellular holoplanktonic protozoa with siliceous or strontium sulfate skeletons. Mainly studied by micropaleontologists because of their excellent fossil record, they are also key members of planktonic communities and play important roles in various oceanic ecosystems. This chapter presents an overview of the current knowledge on living Radiolaria (orders Acantharia, Collodaria, Nassellaria, Spumellaria and Taxopodia). Besides general considerations on Radiolaria as a whole, it focuses on the taxonomy, biology, and ecology of each radiolarian order. Finally this chapter provides insights on research perspectives to improve our knowledge of living radiolarians and their ecological role in marine ecosystems.

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Section: Contributions To Inorganic Biochemical Cyclementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Finally, radiolarians appeared in the late Neoproterozoic, and some of them start to silicify at the Cambrian Explosion (Suzuki and Oba 2015 ). As many as 2700 genera and 16,000 species of radiolarian fossils are preserved continuously over geological periods in rocks and sediments.…”

Section: Research Perspectives On Living Radiolariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and Ecology of Radiolaria

Suzuki

Not

2015

Marine Protists

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“…With fossil records as old as the lower Paleozoic (ca. 515 Ma), test-bearing rhizarians are 55 among some of the oldest protist lineages found in modern oceans (Suzuki and Oba 2015). 56…”

Section: Introduction 36mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brzezinski et al 2015;Taylor et al 2015), two test-bearing rhizarians dominate in dSi poor water 479 masses: 1) Collodaria, the most recent radiolarian lineage (ca. 40 Ma;Suzuki and Oba 2015), 480 attenuation in the mesopelagic. Together, these studies suggest the need to 504 represent larger planktonic Rhizaria in ecological and biogeochemical models, with explicit 505 consideration of their depth-dependent impacts.…”

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confidence: 99%

Vertical niche definition of test-bearing protists (Rhizaria) into the twilight zone revealed by in situ imaging

Biard

Ohman

2019

Preprint

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17The Rhizaria is a super-group of ameoboid protists with ubiquitous distributions, from the 18 euphotic zone to the twilight zone and beyond. While rhizarians have been recently described as 19 important contributors to both silica and carbon fluxes, we lack the most basic information about 20 their ecological preferences. Here, using the in situ imaging (Underwater Vision Profiler 5), we 21 characterize the vertical ecological niches of different test-bearing rhizarian taxa in the southern 22California Current Ecosystem. We define three vertical layers between 0-500 m occupied, 23 respectively, by 1) surface dwelling and mostly symbiont-bearing rhizarians (Acantharia and 24 Collodaria), 2) flux-feeding phaeodarians in the lower epipelagic (100-200 m), and 3) 25Foraminifera and Phaeodaria populations adjacent to the Oxygen Minimum Zone. We then use 26Generalized Additive Models to analyze the response of each rhizarian category to a suite of 27 environmental variables. The models explain between 13 and 93% of the total variance observed 28 for the different groups. While temperature and the depth of the deep chlorophyll maximum, 29 appear as the main factors influencing populations in the upper 200 m, silicic acid concentration 30 is the most important variable related to the abundance of mesopelagic phaeodarians. The relative 31 importance of biotic interactions (e.g., predation, parasitism) is still to be considered, in order to 32 fully incorporate the dynamics of test-bearing pelagic rhizarians in ecological and 33 biogeochemical models. 34 35

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“…Scientific literature (Coulombe, Bousquet, Ma, Yamada, & Wirtz, 2000;Gruenbaum & Foisner, 2015;Herrmann & Strelkov, 2011;Kim & Coulombe, 2007;Kornreich, Avinery, Malka-Gibor, Laser-Azogui, & Beck, 2015;Melcer, Gruenbaum, & Krohne, 2007) as well as current teaching material (Alberts et al, 2015;Lodish et al, 2016), tell us that bona fide IF proteins are restricted to metazoans. For protists, which are about a billion years older than metazoans (Shu, Isozaki, Zhang, Han, & Maruyama, 2014;Suzuki & Oba, 2015) and make up the remaining phylogenetic diversity of eukaryotes, no apparent homologs to any of the metazoan IF protein familiesexcept for lamin (Kollmar, 2015;Koreny & Field, 2016), but more on that later-have been identified. Why?…”

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confidence: 99%

Intermediate filament protein evolution and protists

et al. 2018

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Metazoans evolved from a single protist lineage. While all eukaryotes share a conserved actin and tubulin-based cytoskeleton, it is commonly perceived that intermediate filaments (IFs), including lamin, vimentin or keratin among many others, are restricted to metazoans. Actin and tubulin proteins are conserved enough to be detectable across all eukaryotic genomes using standard phylogenetic methods, but IF proteins, in contrast, are notoriously difficult to identify by such means. Since the 1950s, dozens of cytoskeletal proteins in protists have been identified that seemingly do not belong to any of the IF families described for metazoans, yet, from a structural and functional perspective fit criteria that define metazoan IF proteins. Here, we briefly review IF protein discovery in metazoans and the implications this had for the definition of this protein family. We argue that the many cytoskeletal and filament-forming proteins of protists should be incorporated into a more comprehensive picture of IF evolution by aligning it with the recent identification of lamins across the phylogenetic diversity of eukaryotic supergroups. This then brings forth the question of how the diversity of IF proteins has unfolded. The evolution of IF proteins likely represents an example of convergent evolution, which, in combination with the speed with which these cytoskeletal proteins are evolving, generated their current diversity. IF proteins did not first emerge in metazoa, but in protists. Only the emergence of cytosolic IF proteins that appear to stem from a nuclear lamin is unique to animals and coincided with the emergence of true animal multicellularity.

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Oldest Fossil Records of Marine Protists and the Geologic History Toward the Establishment of the Modern-Type Marine Protist World

Cited by 9 publications

References 161 publications

Biology and Ecology of Radiolaria

Biology and Ecology of Radiolaria

Vertical niche definition of test-bearing protists (Rhizaria) into the twilight zone revealed by in situ imaging

Intermediate filament protein evolution and protists

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