Older adults' decoding of emotions: Role of dynamic versus static cues and age-related cognitive decline.

Krendl, Anne C.; Ambady, Nalini

doi:10.1037/a0020607

Cited by 59 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Among OA, accuracy in recognizing anger was significantly correlated with overall scores for executive function, r(28) = .38, p = .04, but not fear, r(28) = .18, p = .35, as in previous research (Krendl & Ambady, 2010).…”

Section: Table 1 Descriptive Statistics Fo R Older Adult (Oa) and Yousupporting

confidence: 53%

Does aging impair first impression accuracy? Differentiating emotion recognition from complex social inferences.

Krendl

Rule

Ambady³

2014

Psychology and Aging

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Young adults can be surprisingly accurate at making inferences about people from their faces. Although these first impressions have important consequences for both the perceiver and the target, it remains an open question whether first impression accuracy is preserved with age. Specifically, could age differences in impressions toward others stem from age-related deficits in accurately detecting complex social cues? Research on aging and impression formation suggests that young and older adults show relative consensus in their first impressions, but it is unknown whether they differ in accuracy. It has been widely shown that aging disrupts emotion recognition accuracy, and that these impairments may predict deficits in other social judgments, such as detecting deceit. However, it is unclear whether general impression formation accuracy (e.g., emotion recognition accuracy, detecting complex social cues) relies on similar or distinct mechanisms. It is important to examine this question to evaluate how, if at all, aging might affect overall accuracy. Here, we examined whether aging impaired first impression accuracy in predicting real-world outcomes and categorizing social group membership. Specifically, we studied whether emotion recognition accuracy and age-related cognitive decline (which has been implicated in exacerbating deficits in emotion recognition) predict first impression accuracy. Our results revealed that emotion recognition accuracy did not predict first impression accuracy, nor did age-related cognitive decline impair it. These findings suggest that domains of social perception outside of emotion recognition may rely on mechanisms that are relatively unimpaired by aging.

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Section: Table 1 Descriptive Statistics Fo R Older Adult (Oa) and Yousupporting

confidence: 53%

Does aging impair first impression accuracy? Differentiating emotion recognition from complex social inferences.

Krendl

Rule

Ambady³

2014

Psychology and Aging

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“…Not only does most of this work use static photos as stimuli, but these are photos of young confederates asked to imitate specific emotions (Richter & Kunzmann, 2011;Ruffman et al, 2008). Indeed, there is evidence that age-related deficits are attenuated when more context-rich stimuli are used, such as congruent auditory and visual bimodal presentations (Hunter, Phillips, & MacPherson, 2010) and video clips (Krendl & Ambady, 2010). The importance of emotionally relevant material was also highlighted by Richter and Kunzmann (2011), who used stimuli that involved both younger and older adults discussing emotionally engaging topics.…”

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confidence: 93%

Empathy and Conversational Enjoyment in Younger and Older Adults

Gould

Gautreau

2014

Experimental Aging Research

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“…Particularly relevant for us is that older people's recognition of facial emotions improves with dynamic faces under certain circumstances [41 -43]. In one study, older adults were as accurate as younger adults in recognizing (negative and positive) dynamic faces, but were less accurate with static faces [44]. In sum, dynamic faces should be more effective as primes, particularly for older adults.…”

Section: The Present Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming Younger and Older Adults’ Sentence Comprehension: Insights from Dynamic Emotional Facial Expressions and Pupil Size Measures

Carminati¹,

Knoeferle²

2016

TOPSYJ

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Background:Prior visual-world research has demonstrated that emotional priming of spoken sentence processing is rapidly modulated by age. Older and younger participants saw two photographs of a positive and of a negative event side-by-side and listened to a spoken sentence about one of these events. Older adults' fixations to the mentioned (positive) event were enhanced when the still photograph of a previously-inspected positive-valence speaker face was (vs. wasn't) emotionally congruent with the event/sentence. By contrast, the younger adults exhibited such an enhancement with negative stimuli only. Objective:The first aim of the current study was to assess the replicability of these findings with dynamic face stimuli (unfolding from neutral to happy or sad). A second goal was to assess a key prediction made by socio-emotional selectivity theory, viz. that the positivity effect (a preference for positive information) displayed by older adults involves cognitive effort. Method:We conducted an eye-tracking visual-world experiment. Results:Most priming and age effects, including the positivity effects, replicated. However, against our expectations, the positive gaze preference in older adults did not co-vary with a standard measure of cognitive effort -increased pupil dilation. Instead, pupil size was significantly bigger when (both younger and older) adults processed negative than positive stimuli. Conclusion:These findings are in line with previous research on the relationship between positive gaze preferences and pupil dilation. We discuss both theoretical and methodological implications of these results.

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Older adults' decoding of emotions: Role of dynamic versus static cues and age-related cognitive decline.

Cited by 59 publications

References 33 publications

Does aging impair first impression accuracy? Differentiating emotion recognition from complex social inferences.

Does aging impair first impression accuracy? Differentiating emotion recognition from complex social inferences.

Empathy and Conversational Enjoyment in Younger and Older Adults

Priming Younger and Older Adults’ Sentence Comprehension: Insights from Dynamic Emotional Facial Expressions and Pupil Size Measures

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