Old Kingdom Copper Tools and Model Tools

Ge-conservación Nº19

“…Thus, the copper model tools were usually as a part of funeral furniture in the tombs of the kings, queens, princesses and important official's persons. Older (Odler 2016) presented different suggestions to explain the purpose of existence of these copper model tools in the ancient Egyptian elites tombs. One of these suggestions explained that the copper model tools were most probably symbol of the patron-craftsman relationship.…”

‘Mark them with my Mark’: Human Branding in Egypt

“…mirrors and razors), weaving tools, leatherworking tools, hunting tools (generally fish-hooks), and weapons (axes, arrowheads, daggers). 71 In the Old Kingdom, these model tool hoards were part of a burial assemblage, but by the Middle Kingdom the practice was mostly limited to building tools as part of a foundation deposit. 72 If this collection was indeed model branding-irons from the Late Period, it would be very unusual.…”

Shape as a measure of weapon standardisation: From metric to geometric morphometric analysis of the Iron Age ‘Havor’ lance from Southern Scandinavia

“…It has been used extensively within zooarchaeology, evolutionary anthropology, archaeobotany and paleoenvironmental ecology to investigate taxonomic relationships and species identifications (Bignon et al, 2005;Cucchi et al, 2011;Curran, 2012;Martinón-Torres et al, 2006;Ros et al, 2014;Seetah et al, 2014;. It has also been useful in studying ceramic typologies (Wilczek et al, 2014) as well as temporal and technological investigations of lithic technologies (Archer and Braun, 2010;de Azevedo et al, 2014;Okumura and Araujo, 2014), with recent developments towards 3-dimensional GMM analysis (Lycett et al, 2010;Lycett and von Cramon-Taubadel, 2013). However, only a few GMM studies exist for metal artefacts (Odler, 2016, p. 248;Wilczek et al, 2015).…”