Old focus of cysticercosis in a senegalese village revisited after half a century

Secka, Arss; Grimm, Felix; Marcotty, Tanguy; Geysen, Dirk; Niang, Alassane; Ngale, Victoire; Boutche, Laurent; Marck, Eric Van; Geerts, S.

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.05.003

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Findings indicate detection of active cysticercosis in 16.7% of the human population while 45.3% tested positive for exposure to larval T. solium through detection of antibodies. These findings are higher in comparison to that reported elsewhere in the region such as 4.6% (Ag-ELISA), 6.9% (EITB) and 40.8% (Ab-ELISA) in Burundi [25], 12.1% (Ab-ELISA) in Mozambique [26], 0.4%–3% (Ag-ELISA) in Cameroon [27], [28], and 7.7% (Ag-ELISA and EITB) in Senegal [29], but lower than the 21.6% (Ag-ELISA) recently reported from the Democratic Republic of Congo [30].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Human Taenia Solium Infections in Mbozi District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania

et al. 2013

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Background Taenia solium cysticercosis/taeniosis is emerging as a serious public health and economic problem in many developing countries. This study was conducted to determine prevalence and risk factors of human T. solium infections in Mbeya Region, Tanzania.Methods and FindingsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in 13 villages of Mbozi district in 2009. Sera of 830 people (mean 37.9±11.3 years (SD); 43% females) were tested for circulating cysticerci antigen (Ag-ELISA) and antibody (Ab-ELISA). A subset of persons found seropositive by Ag-ELISA underwent computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain for evidence of neurocysticercosis. Stool samples from 820 of the same participants were tested for taeniosis by copro-antigens (copro-Ag-ELISA) and formol-ether concentration technique. Cases of T. solium taeniosis were confirmed serologically by EITB assay (rES38). A questionnaire was used for identification of risk factors. Active cysticercosis by positive Ag-ELISA was found in 139 (16.7%) persons while anti-cysticercal antibodies were detected in 376 (45.3%) persons by Ab-ELISA. Among 55 persons positive for Ag-ELISA undergoing CT scan, 30 (54.6%) were found to have structures in the brain suggestive of neurocysticercosis. Using faecal analysis, 43 (5.2%) stool samples tested positive for taeniosis by copro-Ag-ELISA while Taenia eggs were detected in 9 (1.1%) stool samples by routine coprology. Antibodies specifically against adult T. solium were detected in 34 copro-Ag-ELISA positive participants by EITB (rES38) indicating T. solium taeniosis prevalence of 4.1%. Increasing age and hand washing by dipping in contrast to using running water, were found associated with Ag-ELISA seropositivity by logistic regression. Gender (higher risk in females) and water source were risk factors associated with Ab-ELISA seropositivity. Reported symptoms of chronic severe headaches and history of epileptic seizures were found associated with positive Ag-ELISA (p≤0.05).ConclusionThe present study indicates T. solium infection in humans is highly endemic in the southern highlands of Tanzania.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Human Taenia Solium Infections in Mbozi District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania

et al. 2013

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“…tapeworm eggs or sometimes adult tapeworm segements (Lightowlers et al, 2016). Coproscopy has been used in human surveys in West Africa (Gweba et al, 2010;Secka et al, 2011).…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Taeniasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Taenia solium cysticercosis in West Africa

et al. 2019

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Human and porcine cysticercosis is endemic in West Africa, where epilepsy is relatively common, but rarely reported due to fear of stigmatization. Neurocysticercosis, caused by Taenia solium, tends to affect the poor in developing countries and control is hampered by inadequate infrastructure and financial resources coupled with lack of adequate information about its significance and distribution. The risk factors for human cysticercosis are closely associated with the characteristics of smallholder or backyard pig farming systems prevalent in this region. Poverty, ignorance and lack of political will militate against successful eradication, while tools for effective diagnosis, prevention and treatment, including vaccines for pigs, are not yet available in many countries. Cysticercosis was targeted for control by The World Health Organization global plan for 2008-2015; however, measures for control are yet to be undertaken in a coordinated manner in West Africa. Diagnostic tools, including neuroimaging facilities, should be strategically situated and made accessible to rural populations in West Africa. Community education in combination with a multipronged approach consisting of vaccination of pigs using TSOL18 vaccine and treatment with oxfendazole along with mass chemotherapy of humans with praziquantel could eliminate taeniasis and should be considered in the region. Indepth and extensive epidemiological studies are required in the region in order to fully elucidate the prevalence of T. solium and to support more coordinated and effective control of human and porcine cysticercosis.

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“…All three studies confirmed epilepsy by ILAE definition/physician. In Senegal, a study [42] showed that one of 10 CT-scan positives individual by Ag-ELISA and EITB was reported to have epileptic seizures, and cerebral CT-scans showed that 23.3% of the seropositive were affected by neurocysticercosis. In Togo, a previous study [57] showed that cysticercosis (confirmed by ELISA, anatomopathological examination, cranial or muscle X-ray) caused 29.5% epilepsy in sufferers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human taeniasis was obtained from two studies by stool microscopy [25,46] with a prevalence ranging from 8.6 to 40% among a total of 1953 individuals in the region. Human cysticercosis in Senegal was obtained from one study performing antigen and antibody ELISA [42]. The total number of individuals in the study were 403, and prevalence of both antigen and antibody was 7.6%.The prevalence of epilepsy in the country was obtained from two selected studies [52,53] and the prevalence of epilepsy ranged from 8.3/1000 to 14.2/1000 in a total of 12,182 individuals.…”

Section: Human Cysticercosis Taeniasis and Epilepsy In West Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the risk factors for epilepsy was history of febrile convulsions [70], purchasing home slaughtered pigs, lack of toilet facilities [64], sourcing pig from the northern part of the country and local breed of pigs [26]. It was observed in Senegal that the risk factor for seropositivity to cysticercosis was older age group and lack of latrine [42].…”

Section: Risk Factors For Human Cysticercosis In West Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taenia soliumCysticercosis in Pigs and Human: A Review of Epidemiological Data in West Africa (1990–2019)

Weka¹,

Luka²,

Ogo³

et al. 2020

Overview on Echinococcosis

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Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis/neurocysticercosis is a neglected zoonotic disease endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin-American and Asia and is an emerging public health and economic problem. The association between cysticercosis and epilepsy has been documented worldwide including West Africa. Poor sanitary conditions, traditional pig farming and poverty play an important role in perpetuation of Taenia solium. There has been limited research undertaken in T. s o l i u m in human and pigs in some West African countries, where prevalence of taeniasis was up 40%, human cysticercosis 10.3%, porcine cysticercosis 32.5-39.6% and epilepsy 28.0/1000-43.0/1000. The study identified porcine cysticercosis in 18 countries, human cysticercosis in 19 countries, taeniasis in 4 countries and epilepsy was reported in 25 countries. The aim of this study is to review scientific literature on the epidemiology of T. s o l i u m infections in pigs and humans in Western Africa and document data on the prevalence of epilepsy in the region. The objective is to document occurrence of disease in West Africa so as to offer options available for control. The study conducted literature search of online international databases of published resources for information on T. s o l i u m in Western Africa and Epilepsy from 1990 to 2018.

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Old focus of cysticercosis in a senegalese village revisited after half a century

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Human Taenia Solium Infections in Mbozi District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Human Taenia Solium Infections in Mbozi District, Mbeya Region, Tanzania

Overview of Taenia solium cysticercosis in West Africa

Taenia soliumCysticercosis in Pigs and Human: A Review of Epidemiological Data in West Africa (1990–2019)

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