Ökologische Untersuchung der Bodenatmung

Haber, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/s0367-1615(17)32505-3

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Haber (1958) showed, however, that with this method 75% ± 4.65o/o of the evolving C0 2 becomes absorbed. Lack of air turbulence, artificial convection layers through temperature changes within the tin, changes in C0 2 diffusion rates caused by absorption of C0 2 by KOH, and many other factors might influence results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Soil respiration was measured by absorption of C0 2 by KOH followed by titration with HCI (Walter 1952, Haber 1958. The soil was cleared of all above ground plant parts and was covered with a 20-by 25-cm metal box.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The respiration rate depends, under specific climatic conditions, on the primary production in the vegetation, its decomposition, and its storage on the ground. Soil respiration in different habitats has been studied extensively in the temperate zone (Lundegardh 1924, Haber 1958, Walter 1960, Lieth and Ouellette 1962, but few data are extant on soil respiration rates in tropical vegetation types (Birch and Friend 1956). In the present study of soil respiration in different tropical vegetation types, as diverse habitats as possible were chosen in order to delimit rates of soil respiration in the tropics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Respiration of Tropical Vegetation types

Schulze¹

1967

Ecology

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Soil respiration rates, measured during the dry season of 1966 in Costa Rica by absorption of C0 2 through KOH followed by titration with HCl, were lowest in the savanna and the decidous forest (300-400 mg C0 2 /m 2 /hr); they were between 1,000 and 2,000 mg C0 2 jm2jhr in the gallery forest and the wet forest; and were highest in the :ecot;dary growth vegetation (2,556 mg C0 2 jm2jhr). The results were related to the climatic conditions in these habitats. The climate limits the development of organisms in the soil and the primary production in the vegetation. Comparisons of European, Canadian, and tropical soil respiration rates show the limitation of soil respiration through limitations of primary productivity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Respiration of Tropical Vegetation types

Schulze¹

1967

Ecology

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“…Maldague andHilger (1963, cited by Schlesinger 1977) reported a mean of 3.4 from four equatorial forests; Schulze (1967) reported some of the highest values in the literature (savanna in dry season 2.5 , gallery forest 10.4, wet forest 12.1, and young succession 19.5) from his work in Costa Rica; Yoda and Kira ( 1969) reported nine measurements from rain forests in Thailand, with a mean of 4.4; Odum et al (1970) evaluated several methodologies in Puerto Rico and reported values ranging from 1.6 to 10.2; Wanner (1970) measured rates of 0.8-1.5 in Java and 0.9-2.0 in Sarawak; Johnson et al (1975) reported ranges of 0.5-3.1 and 2.6-7.1 from two sites in Costa Rica; and Ogawa (1978) reported 3.9 from Malaysia. Some investigators (Schulze 1967, Medina 1969 follow the suggestion of Haber (1958) and multiply the measured amount of absorbed C0 2 by a correction factor of 1.33. However, we calculate that his weak solution (0.5N KOH), small absorbing volume (10 mL), and long absorption interval (10-12 h) would not have enabled him to detect accurately amounts of evolved C0 2 much larger than those he reported.…”

Section: Carbon Dioxide Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slash and Burn Impacts on a Costa Rican Wet Forest Site

Ewel¹,

Berish²,

Brown³

et al. 1981

Ecology

256

113

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Impacts of felling, mulching, and burning on budgets of C, N, S, P, K, Ca, and Mg; rates of C0 2 evolution from the soil; soil seed storage; and plant growth were evaluated. The felled tropical evergreen forest was 8-9 yr old, interspersed with patches of 70-yr-old forest and had a leaf area index of 6 and aboveground biomass of 5.2 kg/rn 2 • Harvest of the largest trees removed 18% of the S, and > I 0% of all other elements except N. During the 11-wk mulching and drying period, 33% of the K and 13% of the P disappeared, but losses of other elements were <6%. Burn temperatures were >620°C in surface fuels, but soil temperatures were seldom > l00°C at I ern or >50°C at 2 ern. The burn volatilized 1600 g/rn 2 C, 49 g/rn 2 N, and 13 g/rn 2 S. Postburn wind and water erosion of ash, plus leaching, removed 34 g/rn 2 N, 20 g/rn 2 K, I g/ rn 2 P, 39 g/rn 2 Ca, and 7 g/rn 2 Mg, but insignificant amounts of C and S. After the burn and onset of the rains, 57% of the initial amount of N and 39% of the initial C still remained because of conservation of the organic-rich upper 3 ern of soil.Soil C0 2 evolution was greater from beneath the 11-wk-old slash (3.6 gC· rn-2 • d-1 ) than from beneath the forest (2.5 gC · rn-2 • d-1 ), probably because the slash conserved soil moisture better than the actively transpiring forest. After the burn both the burned field and forest soil evolved C0 2 at =4.5 gC· rn-2 ·d-•. At this rate, 154 d of decomposition and respiration would release as much C into the atmosphere as did the burn.Soil seed storage dropped from =8000 seeds/rn 2 (67 species) in the forest, to 6000 seeds/rn 2 (51 species) after II wk of mulching, to 3000 seeds/rn 2 (37 species) after the burn. The seeds not killed by the burn, the survival of mycorrhizal fungi, and the release of nutrients resulted in vigorous and diverse postburn regrowth.

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“…The carbon dioxide evolution from the soil surface was measured by the method of Haber (1958). Instead of metal, white plastic cylinders were used (diameter 22-5 cm, height 24 cm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%