Okinawa Trough: Origin of a back-arc basin

Lee, Chao-Shing; Shor, George G.; Bibee, L. Dale; Lu, Ruifeng; Hilde, Thomas W.C.

doi:10.1016/0025-3227(80)90032-8

Cited by 258 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…27.1). Previous surveys on the crustal thickness in the area documented the thinned nature of the continental crust, which is less than 20 km thick (Lee et al 1980;Hirata et al 1991;Klingelhoefer et al 2009), whereas thicker crust occurs in the middle (Murauchi et al 1968;Nagumo et al 1986) and northern parts (Iwasaki et al 1990) of the trough. Such geophysical evidence suggests that backarc basin formation is most pronounced in the southernmost part of the Okinawa Trough.…”

Section: Geological Features and Volcanismmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hydrothermal Activity in the Okinawa Trough Back-Arc Basin: Geological Background and Hydrothermal Mineralization

Ishibashi

Ikegami

Tsuji

et al. 2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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The Okinawa Trough is a back-arc basin behind the Ryukyu trench-arc system and located along the eastern margin of the Eurasian continent. Sulfide and sulfate mineralization associated with hydrothermal activity has been recognized in ten hydrothermal fields in the Okinawa Trough. Hydrothermal mineralization recognized in these fields is commonly represented by coexisting occurrence of zinc-and lead-enriched polymetallic sulfides and abundant sulfate minerals. The mineralogy and geochemical signatures present has led researchers to suggest these areas may be a modern analogue for the formation of ancient Kuroko-type volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. Recent seafloor drilling during IODP (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program) Expedition 331 documented the subseafloor structure of a hydrothermal system at the Iheya North Knoll. Mineral textures and hydrothermal assemblages present in the drilled cores obtained from a hydrothermal mound in the proximal area are consistent with Kuroko-type mineralization. Based on geochemical studies, the intra-field diversity of mineralization commonly recognized in the Okinawa Trough can be explained by subseafloor phase separation of the hydrothermal fluid, which reflects shallow water depth (from 700 to 1,600 m). The subseafloor phase separation may. play an important role to accumulate metal elements beneath the seafloor. Based on geophysical and geological studies, the Okinawa Trough is considered a back-arc basin in the rifting stage. Such a tectonic setting is characterized by development of normal faulting in brittle continental crust and frequent intrusion of a magma, which can be expected to provide favorable environment for development of a hydrothermal system Keywords

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Section: Geological Features and Volcanismmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hydrothermal Activity in the Okinawa Trough Back-Arc Basin: Geological Background and Hydrothermal Mineralization

Ishibashi

Ikegami

Tsuji

et al. 2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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“…The Okinawa Trough, Japan, extends for ~1200 km between the Ryukyu arc-trench system and the Eurasian continent, and is regarded as an incipient intra-continental back-arc basin (Lee et al, 1980;Letouzey and Kimura, 1986;Shinjo and Kato, 2000;Fig. 1a).…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Actively forming Kuroko-type volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) mineralization at Iheya North, Okinawa Trough, Japan

Yeats

Hollis

Halfpenny

et al. 2017

Ore Geology Reviews

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“…Arabia collision initiation: Middle Miocene [Dewey and Sengor, 1979;Le Pichon and Angelier, 1979;Karig and Kozlu, 1990;Gautier et al, 1999], Apulian Platform collision: Late Miocene [van Hinsbergen et al, 2006] Taupo Volcanic Zone/Central Volcanic region New Zealand 2 -4 Ma ago to present [Stern, 1987] Yes Hikurangi Plateau/Chatham Rise Hikurangi Plateau likely present at the margin since $20 Ma ago [King, 2000] Manus Basin Papua New Guinea 3.5 Ma ago to present [Taylor, 1979] Yes New Guinea Highlands $3 -4 Ma ago [Abbott et al, 1994] Okinawa Trough SW Japan to Taiwan Miocene-present [Lee et al, 1980]; Shimbara-Beppu Graben rifting started at 6 Ma ago, the same time that CCW rotation of Kyushu began [Itoh et al, 1998] Yes Kyushu-Palau ridge and Taiwan collision Taiwan collision: 6 -8 Ma ago [Byrne and Liu, 2002, and references therein]; Kyushu-Palau ridge collision:…”

Section: Part Of the North Fiji Basin Vanuatumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure A7). Active back-arc rifting has occurred along the Okinawa Trough since the late Miocene [e.g., Sibuet et al, 1987;Lee et al, 1980]. Large, anticlockwise paleomagnetic rotations (up to 30°) have been observed for the last 2-6 Ma in southern Kyushu [e.g., Kodama and Nakayama, 1993;Kodama et al, 1995], and have occurred simultaneously with both rifting in the Shimabara/ Beppu Graben (SBG) [Kamata, 1989], and collision of the Kyushu-Palau ridge at the Nankai Trough/Northern Ryukyu Trench.…”

Section: A212 Mediterraneanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collisional model for rapid fore‐arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back‐arc rifting in subduction settings

Wallace

Ellis

Mann

2009

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

102

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[1] We review geophysical and geological data from 23 active and ancient plate boundaries to document a compelling spatial and temporal relationship between collision, plate boundary curvature, rapid tectonic rotations, and the occurrence of back-arc rifting. Our observations support a conceptual model where the change from subduction to collision causes rapid fore-arc rotation (when viewed in a reference frame relative to the bounding tectonic plates), leading to marked plate boundary curvature. Our global compilation reveals that most active back-arc rifts are associated with rapidly rotating fore arcs and nearby collisions. Thus, we propose that collision and rapid fore-arc rotations play a major role in the evolution and kinematics of back-arc basins. We conduct numerical modeling to better understand the physical processes behind these observed rapid tectonic rotations at convergent margins. Our results suggest that the presence of an indentor or choke point in the subduction system (e.g., collision) can generate rapid rotation of the fore arc about a nearby pole and lead to back-arc rifting. The rate of fore-arc rotation and back-arc rifting depends on the incoming indentor velocity and can be greatly enhanced by slab rollback and the presence of a low-viscosity back arc. Where viscosity of the back arc is low, fore-arc rotation dominates; where back-arc viscosity is high, the formation of strike-slip faults and tectonic escape dominates. Our observational and model-derived results illustrate that shallow crustal forces produced by the entry of buoyant features into subduction zones are a fundamental mechanism for the generation of fore-arc block rotations, plate boundary curvature, back-arc rift evolution, and tectonic escape in subduction systems. Rollback of the subducting slab within the mantle will certainly enhance the processes we describe but it is not the only driving force. Wallace, L. M., S. Ellis, and P. Mann (2009), Collisional model for rapid fore-arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back-arc rifting in subduction settings, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 10, Q05001,

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Okinawa Trough: Origin of a back-arc basin

Cited by 258 publications

References 12 publications

Hydrothermal Activity in the Okinawa Trough Back-Arc Basin: Geological Background and Hydrothermal Mineralization

Hydrothermal Activity in the Okinawa Trough Back-Arc Basin: Geological Background and Hydrothermal Mineralization

Actively forming Kuroko-type volcanic-hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) mineralization at Iheya North, Okinawa Trough, Japan

Collisional model for rapid fore‐arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back‐arc rifting in subduction settings

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