Objectives: Although surgery is the gold standard for treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP), recurrence after surgery remains a concern. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of simultaneous pleurodesis using Viscum album (VA) extract and bullectomy for the treatment of PSP.Methods: From March 2016 to November 2020, 196 patients with PSP underwent bullectomy and intraoperative pleurodesis with VA extract at a single institution. All operations were performed through video-assisted thoracic surgery by one surgeon. Upon completion of bullectomy, a polyglycolic acid sheet was used to cover the stapler lines, and 40 mg of VA extract was instilled over the entire chest wall before chest tube placement.Results: The mean operating time was 18.5±5.0 minutes (range, 10–65) and the mean indwelling time of chest drainage was 1.8±0.5 days (range, 2–6). There were no postoperative complications over grade 3. During the median follow-up period of 36.3±18.4 months (range, 2–57), no recurrence of pneumothorax was observed.Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that simultaneous Viscum pleurodesis and bullectomy provides a feasible and effective treatment option for preventing postoperative pneumothorax in patients with PSP.