Oil Vulnerability Index, Impact on Arctic Bird Populations (Proposing a Method for Calculating an Oil Vulnerability Index for the Arctic Seabirds)

O’Hanlon, Nina J.; Bond, Alexander L.; James, Neil; Masden, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-28404-6_4

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…While this variation in behavior may influence a species OVI score, it is unlikely to have a large effect on the resulting vulnerability maps given the greater overall influence of seabird density. Factors relating to how quickly a species might recover from an oil incident (factors 5–6 in this study) had a relatively low influence on OVI scores; indicating that spatial and temporal variation in demographic rates will not significantly influence the final species-specific OVI scores (O'Hanlon et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…A sensitivity analysis revealed that the factors that determine how likely individuals will be affected by oil due to their behavior (factors 1–3) had the greatest influence on species-specific OVI scores (O'Hanlon et al 2020). For many species and countries, data do not exist to provide accurate parameter values on the proportion of time spent on the sea and proportion of oiled beached corpses: with data on the latter being difficult to collect in regions where there are large stretches of coastline and few people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the updated OVI for the UK continental shelf, named the Seabird Oil Sensitivity Index (SOSI; Webb et al 2016), as the basis for developing a community-level OVI over a large geographical area (see O'Hanlon et al 2020 for the rationale of this approach). The SOSI for the UK continental shelf incorporates eight factors to assess the vulnerability of species to oil incidents that inform (1) how likely individuals are to be affected by oil due to their behavior (2 factors); (2) how vulnerable a population/species is (3 factors); and (3) how quickly a population/species might recover from an oil incident (3 factors; Webb et al 2016).…”

Section: Calculating Ovi Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To be relevant to the North Atlantic we replaced the 3 factors relating to the vulnerability of a population/species (factors 4-6 in the SOSI; Webb et al 2016) with a single factor, the species' global IUCN Red List status (Birdlife International 2021), which was strongly correlated for UK species and is a suitable extension to other areas with a similar suite of species (O'Hanlon et al 2020). For our main analysis we used this global measure of conservation status to allow the modified OVI to be used globally with comparable OVI scores.…”

Section: Species-specific Ovi Scores For Eastern North Atlantic Seabirdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Country-specific values were not available for F 2 (percentage of tideline corpses contaminated with oil). To explore whether removing this factor influenced the community-level OVI (OVI j , Equation 4), we created two additional OVI maps: the first one omitting F 2 from the OVI calculation (Equation 2), and the second, replacing F 2 with F 1 , so using F 1 × F 1 (Equation 3), as F 1 is strongly correlated to F 2 (O'Hanlon et al 2020)…”

Section: Species-specific Ovi Scores For Eastern North Atlantic Seabirdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using foraging range and colony size to assess the vulnerability of breeding seabirds to oil across regions lacking at-sea distribution data

O’Hanlon

Bond

Masden

et al. 2023

Ornithological Applications

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With the projected increases in shipping activity and hydrocarbon extraction globally, there is an increased risk of negative ecological impacts from oil pollution on the marine environment, including seabirds. Oil Vulnerability Indices (OVIs) are a common approach to assess seabird species vulnerability to oil pollution, and to identify where species are most at risk, typically across regional spatial scales and for a relatively limited number of species. This approach generally requires comprehensive data on at-sea distributions and densities; however, for many regions, these data are limited. We present a simplified OVI to assess seabird species vulnerability to oil pollution. To create the spatial component of the OVI, we used a predictive foraging radius approach, using existing colony size and foraging range data, to project at-sea distributions of seabird populations during the breeding season. We demonstrate this approach over a large spatial scale, the eastern North Atlantic, which includes areas where seabird at-sea data are lacking. Our results reveal areas off west Greenland, Iceland, and Norway where seabirds are most vulnerable to oil pollution during the breeding season, largely driven by large colonies of auks (Alcidae). We also identify locations along the coast of mainland Norway, Iceland, and Scotland, where seabirds are particularly at risk to oil pollution associated with major shipping routes. Identifying areas where species are most at risk can help inform where, and which, measures should be put in place to mitigate the impacts of oil pollution, such as protecting and avoiding high risk areas, for example, through adopting dynamic Areas to be Avoided (ATBAs). Our simplified OVI combined with the predictive foraging radius approach can adapted to other regions globally that lack seabird-at-sea distribution data, to other marine wildlife, and to assess the risk from hydrocarbon extraction and other anthropogenic threats, including fishing activities and offshore renewable developments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculating Ovi Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Species-specific Ovi Scores For Eastern North Atlantic Seabirdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Species-specific Ovi Scores For Eastern North Atlantic Seabirdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Using foraging range and colony size to assess the vulnerability of breeding seabirds to oil across regions lacking at-sea distribution data

O’Hanlon

Bond

Masden

et al. 2023

Ornithological Applications

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The Issue of Using Ordinal Quantities to Estimate the Vulnerability of Seabirds to Oil Spills

Shavykin

Karnatov

2020

JMSE

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Oil spills can have a serious negative effect on seabirds. Numerous studies have been carried out for relative vulnerability assessment of seabirds to oil, with the majority of such works based on ordinal quantities. This study aims to assess (from the aspect of measurement theory) the methodological approaches used for calculating the vulnerability of seabirds to oil spills, and corresponding conclusions. We assess several well-known works on the vulnerability of seabirds (1979–2004). We consider the effect on derived conclusions of (a) monotonic initial data transformations on an ordinal scale, (b) multiplication operations on the same scale, and (c) the replacement of initial metric data to ordinal. Our results show the following: (a) the conclusions for arithmetic operations may not be saved with permissible monotonic transformations of ordinal quantities; (b) partially uncertain results can be obtained with arithmetic operations on an ordinal scale as compared with metric; (c) the replacement of metric values to scores changes the real relationships among initial data and affects the final result. Thus, conclusions in works which use arithmetic operations with ordinal quantities cannot be considered to be justified and correct, since they are based on unacceptable operations and, quite often, on the distorted original data.

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Oil Vulnerability Index, Impact on Arctic Bird Populations (Proposing a Method for Calculating an Oil Vulnerability Index for the Arctic Seabirds)

Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

Using foraging range and colony size to assess the vulnerability of breeding seabirds to oil across regions lacking at-sea distribution data

Using foraging range and colony size to assess the vulnerability of breeding seabirds to oil across regions lacking at-sea distribution data

The Issue of Using Ordinal Quantities to Estimate the Vulnerability of Seabirds to Oil Spills

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