Oil spill in South Atlantic (Brazil): Environmental and governmental disaster

Soares, Marcelo de Oliveira; Teixeira, Cláudia Fernanda Almeida; Bezerra, Luís Ernesto Arruda; Paiva, Sandra Vieira; Tavares, Tallita Cruz Lopes; Garcia, Tatiane Martins; Araújo, Jorge Thé de; Campos, Carolina Coelho; Ferreira, Sarah Maria Cavalcante; Matthews-Cascon, Helena; Frota, Alice; Mont’Alverne, Tarin Cristino Frota; Silva, Solange Teles; Rabelo, Emanuelle Fontenele; Barroso, Cristiane Xerez; Freitas, João Eduardo Pereira de; Júnior, Mauro de Meló; Campelo, Renata Polyana de Santana; Santana, Claudeilton Severino de; Carneiro, Pedro Bastos de Macêdo; Meirelles, Antônio Jeovah; Santos, Bráulio A.; Oliveira, André Henrique Barbosa de; Horta, Paulo Antunes; Cavalcante, Rivelino M.

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103879

Cited by 154 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Sea turtles, their nests, and their offspring are often exposed to different threats, such as urban development on the coast (Kamrowski et al 2014, Lopez et al 2015, pollution, (Farias et al 2019, Soares et al 2020, climate change (Tomillo et al 2015, Reneker & Kamel 2016, and interaction with fishing (Castilhos et al 2011, Guebert et al 2013. Theft of eggs is an old threat and it still occurs today, as observed in our study site.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Long-term monitoring of marine turtle nests in northeastern Brazil

et al. 2021

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This study monitored marine turtle nests in a region known as the Potiguar Basin, which stretches from the northern region of Rio Grande do Norte State (5°4’1.15” S, 36°4’36.41” W) to eastern Ceará State (4°38’48.28” S, 37°32’52.08” W) in Brazil. We collected data from January 2011 to December 2019 to identify species of sea turtles that spawn in the basin, to analyze the nesting spatial-temporal pattern and nests characteristics, and to record effects of environmental and anthropic factors on nests. A field team examined sea turtle tracks and nests signs. Turtle clutches were monitored daily until hatchings emerged from the nests. We monitored nests of hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata; n = 238) and olive Ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea; n = 103). The nesting season for E. imbricata occurred between December and May and for L. olivacea from March to August. Hawksbills had clutch size, incubation time, number of unhatched eggs, and dead hatchlings higher than olive Ridley turtles; nevertheless, they presented lower hatching success. Precipitation between 0 and 22 mm and relative humidity (RH) higher than 69% increased the hatching success rate for E. imbricata; however, rainfall above 11 mm and RH 64% had the same effect for L. olivacea. Signs of egg theft and human presence (e.g. vehicle traffic and plastic residues on the beach) were recorded and are considered threats to nests. The results of our long-term monitoring study in the Potiguar Basin provide basis for the implementation of mitigation measures and adoption of management policies at nesting beaches in this Brazilian region.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Long-term monitoring of marine turtle nests in northeastern Brazil

et al. 2021

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“…Um grave acidente de derramamento de óleo ocorrido em 2019 no Brasil, afetou grandes parte das áreas de ocorrência do T. manatus e, nesta ocasião, foi registrado o encalhe de um peixe-boi em decorrência deste acidente [57]. Entretanto, não foram descritos os achados clínicos deste animal.…”

Section: Poluição E Contaminaçãounclassified

Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases in Manatees in Brazil

Attademo

Oliveira

Sousa

et al. 2020

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus) and Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis) are the two species of manatees that occur in Brazil, and both are endangered. Studies on manatee disease in Brazil were previously based mainly on Florida manatees. In recent years, these studies have increased in Brazil. Thus, the objective was to carry out a survey of the publications of infectious and non-infectious diseases in the two species of manatees that occur in the country, to assist in the identification of threats to the species and in the health assessment of manatees in the country.Review: Regarding infectious and contagious diseases, parasites have affected both species of manatees in Brazil, such as Pulmonicola cochleotrema in wild T. manatus, Toxoplasma gondii in both species, and Cryptosporidium spp. also in both species, this being an important agent of zoonotic character. Giardia sp., another zoonotic parasite, has also been reported in both species of manatees in Brazil. Mycotic lesions caused by B. hawaiiensis have been described in calves of T. manatus in captivity. Meanwhile, Candida sp., Trichosporon sp., Rhodotorula sp., and Cryptococcus sp. have been identified in T. inunguis. Studies on viruses in manatees are still not widespread compared to other species; however, it has been verified that rotavirus is present in T. manatus in captivity. In studies carried out to identify bacteria in T. manatus, the following bacteria were isolated: Arizona sp., Bacillus sp., Corynebacterium equi, Corynebacterium pseudodiphteriticum, Corinebacterium sp., Edwasiella tarda, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter agglomerans, Enterobacter sakasakii, Escherichia coli, Leptospira spp., Proteus sp., Proteus vulgaris, Providencia rettgeri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus coagulase-negativa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Streptococcus sp., and Streptococcus viridans. Regarding noninfectious diseases, food-related diseases stand out, where gastrointestinal complications in manatees and obesity in animals in captivity are among the highest occurrences. Intestinal tympanism was reported in a T. inunguis calf, causing death of the animal. Pollution and contamination have also been a concern for the health of these animals. In studies carried out with T. manatus in Paraíba state, accumulation of heavy metals in the animals was verified, possibly originating from sugarcane farms in the region. The ingestion of garbage has also been one of the greatest threats to the health of manatees, where it was registered as a possible cause of death of T. inunguis in Amazonas state. Regarding congenital diseases, although rare in manatees, two calves of T. manatus in Ceará state have been described as having congenital malformations in the heart and brain, without a well-defined etiology. Trauma has been affecting both species; in Brazil, 17.3% of manatees reintroduced by 2018 showed evidence of collisions with vessels. Hunting for T. inunguis still occurs frequently, which has been greatly reduced for T. manatus.Conclusion: Pathogens and other factors that affect manatees have a potential impact on both species. Some of the identified agents have a zoonotic potential and, therefore, are also public health issues. This survey demonstrates that the need for incentives for studies on health assessment and pathogens in these species, both in the wild and in captivity, should be encouraged.

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“…The current approach adopted to regulate marine resources and issues, such as pollution in Brazil, is sectoral, disregard scientific data, and does not consider the connectivity of ecosystems along the continuum continent-ocean. The recent oil spill that occurred in early September 2019, which affected more than 3.000 km of the South Atlantic Ocean and around 1.000 Brazilian beaches (Lourenço et al, 2020;Soares et al, 2020), is a vivid example of management difficulties to address large environmental accidents. Several institutional and procedural limits complicated the management of this disaster.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollutants in the South Atlantic Ocean: Sources, Knowledge Gaps and Perspectives for the Decade of Ocean Science

et al. 2021

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The current manuscript presents the main issues related to the “Clean Ocean” outcome that arose from the Regional South Atlantic (SA) Planning Workshop for the UN Decade of Ocean Science and five Brazilian Regional Planning Workshops. An interdisciplinary and trans-sectoral group constituted by the academia, non-governmental agencies, the private sector, decision-makers, the navy, and local communities discussed the main anthropogenic drivers compromising the current environmental status of the SA and its ecological services, and debated the main research gaps, priorities and needs for improving technical and structural capacities in order to roadmap the Brazilian actions for the Decade of Ocean Science. The aim of this review is to contribute to a social solution-driven understanding of the ocean ecosystems, to create conditions to promote sustainable development and to secure a clean, healthy ocean. We are proposing a list of actions to be implemented by the Decade of Ocean Science that will have the pivotal role to promote technical and scientific capacity development, increase research infrastructure and institutional frameworks, develop national public policies aimed at reducing the input of pollutants and management of impacts, and warranting food security and ecosystem health. The earlier the actions in controlling pollutants are implemented, along with the identification of key sources and prevention of crossing of thresholds will help to avert worst-case scenarios, reducing the socio-economic disparities of impacts across nations and social groups and supporting the sustainable development of a pollutant-free ocean.

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Oil spill in South Atlantic (Brazil): Environmental and governmental disaster

Cited by 154 publications

References 31 publications

Long-term monitoring of marine turtle nests in northeastern Brazil

Long-term monitoring of marine turtle nests in northeastern Brazil

Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases in Manatees in Brazil

Pollutants in the South Atlantic Ocean: Sources, Knowledge Gaps and Perspectives for the Decade of Ocean Science

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