Oil sand pyrolysis: Evolution of volatiles and contributions from mineral, bitumen, maltene, and SARA fractions

Nie, Fan; He, Duanwei; Guan, Jun; Li, Xueqiang; Yu, Hong Liang; Wang, Linfei; Zheng, Hongtao; Zhang, Qiumin

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.069

Cited by 42 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This process is reversible because it alters the physical properties of bitumen without changing its chemical composition (Struik 1977, Ferry 1980. Evaporation causes the loss of volatile components of bitumen (Petersen 1984, Nie et al 2018 during production, laying, and compaction as the asphalt mixture is subjected to higher temperatures. Moreover, UV radiation is associated with bitumen ageing because it activates photo-oxidation reactions which are degradation reactions at the bitumen surface in the presence of oxygen or ozone (Lesueur 2009, Hu et al 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological, fatigue and relaxation properties of aged bitumen

Jing

Varveri

Liu

et al. 2019

International Journal of Pavement Engineering

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Bitumen ageing has a significant impact on the mechanical performance of asphalt concrete. This study utilises dynamic mechanical tests (frequency sweep, fatigue, and relaxation) to investigate the effect of ageing on the viscoelastic characteristics of bitumen. As ageing progressed, a shift of the Black diagrams curves towards lower phase angles was observed; at the same time the shape of the curves changed to a straight line and the curvature reduced. Interestingly, based on the standard fatigue analysis criteria, ageing appears to have a positive effect on bitumen fatigue life. Consequently, it occurs that studying only the stiffness and fatigue behaviour of bitumen cannot directly characterise ageing-induced degradation. The stress relaxation test was found to be more suitable to characterise ageing of bitumen. Aged bitumen had higher residual stresses and longer relaxation times. Hence, aged bitumen was found to be more susceptible to stress accumulation and thus cracking. A linear relationship was established between the crossover modulus and the stress relaxation ageing indices for the studied bitumen. This relationship suggests that crossover modulus has the potential to be used as a parameter to characterise the bitumen relaxation properties by means of routine tests such as the DSR frequency sweep tests.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological, fatigue and relaxation properties of aged bitumen

Jing

Varveri

Liu

et al. 2019

International Journal of Pavement Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…All analytical results were shown in Table 1. High content of ash in Indonesia oil sand has little influence in pyrolysis [52]. Prior to use, both the materials were dried at 105℃ in an oven for 3h.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the synergetic effect for co-pyrolysis of oil sands and biomass using microwave irradiation

Fan

et al. 2019

Fuel

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Microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of oil sands and biomass (sawdust) was carried out for the first time to investigate the synergistic effect under microwave irradiation. In the co-pyrolysis process, the pyrolysis residues of sawdust serve as the effective microwave absorber to enable the improved thermal decomposition of oil sands compared with the case by the conventional thermal treatment. Effects of co-pyrolysis temperature, blending ratio, and feedstock-tomicrowave absorber ratio on the product distribution were examined. Compared with conventional (CV) co-pyrolysis, a synergetic effect, in terms of 10.9wt.% higher gas yield and 8.3wt.% lower liquid yield, was manifested during microwave (MW) co-pyrolysis. Biomass added to the feedstock promoted the generation of compounds with molecular weight >800 Da in the liquid products. MW radiation promoted 24.5 % higher aromatic hydrocarbons on average, but 19.2% fewer phenols in MW-generated oils, which are more desirable as value-added chemicals. Furthermore, chars produced by MW performed more porotic, contributing to positive recycling as absorbing materials. The thermochemical conversion of biomass with oil sand revealed that MW heating is a simple, effective, and alternative solution to increase the energy efficiency of co-pyrolysis process, maximizing the use of resources. Cover Letter Fuel Reference manuscript JFUE-D-18-03404R1 Insights into the synergetic effect for co-pyrolysis of oil sands and biomass using microwave irradiation by Hong Li, Jing Li, Xiaolei Fan, Xingang Li, Xin Gao Dear Editor, Thank you so much for your letter. I am very pleased that you will consider our manuscript for publication in Fuel. Furthermore, we thank the reviewers for their valuable comments on our manuscript entitled "Insights into the synergetic effect for co-pyrolysis of oil sands and biomass using microwave irradiation". All the comments are very valuable and helpful for revising and improving our paper. We have considered the comments carefully and made more appropriate corrections which we trust to meet your approval. Revised portions are marked with red text in the paper. The detailed corrections in the paper and the responses to the reviewers' comments are listed point by point hereafter. Answers to reviewers' comments Reviewer 1 Comments: The author did interesting work carring out the microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of oil sands and biomass firstly. Co-pyrolysis resulted in a higher gas yield and lower liquid yield than the single-material pyrolysis. The yields of MW-generated volatiles were higher than CV-generated volatiles. Thermal decomposition behavior and determination of the final temperature, determination of additives, oil composition analysis and characterization of chars are investigated with different oprating conditions. This article provides a new route for the utilization of biomass, which has significant consequence. Author reply: We thank the reviewer for the positive feedback and the constructive comments. Comment 1: The English expression should be c...

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“…[5][6][7] Different subfractions have shown different density and viscoelasticity. 5,8,9 Early studies 10 have found that increasing the content of asphaltene can increase the viscosity of bitumen. Asphaltene has a high percentage of heteroatoms (N, O, S, and metals), and its self-aggregation effect will further increase the structural complexity of bitumen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%