Oil Quality Improvement in Soybeans‐Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Hammond, Earl G.; Fehr, W. R.

doi:10.1002/lipi.19750770304

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our second strategy was to use X‐ray irradiation to induce genetic changes (Hammond and Fehr, 1975; Hammond et al, 1972). We found individual mutant plants that had interesting modifications in fatty acid composition, but none of them produced progeny with the same modification.…”

Section: Linolenic Acid (Linolenate) (18:3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding for Modified Fatty Acid Composition in Soybean

2007

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Section: Linolenic Acid (Linolenate) (18:3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding for Modified Fatty Acid Composition in Soybean

2007

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“…It has been hypothesized that maternal eff ects for oil (Singh and Hadley, 1968) and protein (Singh and Hadley, 1972) percentages in soybean may refl ect a diff erential supply of substrate from the maternal plant to the seed. Additionally, Hammond and Fehr (1975) have suggested that factors translocated from the maternal parent, such as growth regulators, could control expression of genes within the seed that regulate fatty acid composition. This idea has some support from Carver et al (1987) who concluded through a series of grafting studies that the genotype of the maternal plant might control phenotypic expression of fatty acid percentages in soybean seed via translocated factors (maternal phenotypic eff ects).…”

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confidence: 99%

Maternal Effects on Fatty Acid Composition of Soybean Seed Oil

2010

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T he phenotype of an individual plant may be determined not only by its genotype and the environment in which it develops but also by maternal eff ects. Maternal eff ects in plants occur when the maternal parent contributes to the phenotype of its off spring beyond the equal chromosomal contribution from each parent. Maternal eff ects can have a profound impact on selection, especially if the units of selection are seeds produced on a single plant. For instance, selection for altered seed composition in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is sometimes based on the phenotype of a chip from a single seed or the phenotypes of bulked seeds from heterozygous plants in early generations of inbreeding (Wilcox and Cavins, 1985). Maternal plant infl uence on seed phenotype would likely aff ect selection decisions in such cases. Understanding how maternal eff ects infl uence this selection can lead to the development of more effi cient breeding strategies and result in an increase in genetic gain.Roach and Wulff (1987) described three types of maternal eff ects and classifi ed them as cytoplasmic genetic, endosperm nuclear, and maternal phenotypic. In the botanical context, cytoplasmic genetic maternal eff ects occur when the maternal parent passes genes located in the cytoplasm that aff ect a certain trait to her off spring. In self-pollinated species, these eff ects are heritable and are typically detected in each successive generation of inbreeding. If cytoplasmic nuclear genetic eff ects exist, the eff ects may dissipate or appear, depending on the interaction, for example, the cytoplasmic male-sterile-nuclear ABSTRACT The success of genetically altering the fatty acid composition of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seed oil is determined by the rate of genetic gain through selection. Maternal effects can infl uence genetic gain. Objectives of this study were to investigate the presence and magnitude of maternal effects on fatty acid content of soybean oil. Maternal effects for unsaturated fatty acid content were evaluated over 2 yr using reciprocal F 1 soybean seed from crosses between the mid-oleic/low-linolenic line 'N98-4445A' and six cytoplasmically diverse cultivars. Maternal effects were signifi cant across genetically diverse materials and likely the result of the phenotype of the maternal plant. The magnitude of the maternal effect was typically less when N98-4445A was used as the maternal parent. These data suggest that selection based on the oil composition of single F 2 seeds might be ineffective but less so if the altered fatty acid parent is the maternal parent. Maternal effects on saturated fatty acid content were evaluated both in the fi eld and in vitro using reciprocal F 1 soybean seed from the cross between the high-palmitic line 'N02-4441' and 'Dare'. Maternal effects were signifi cant when grown in the fi eld. When reciprocal F 1 and parental 25 d old embryo seeds were grown in vitro, maternal effects between reciprocal crosses were not apparent, while signifi cant differences between the parents were...

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“…Modification of the fatty acid composition of soybean oil to make it more competitive in various segments of the food and industrial oil markets (1) has been an important objective of plant breeding and molecular genetics in recent years. Altered fatty acid compositions have been developed through traditional plant breeding (2) and application of chemical mutagens (3)(4)(5)(6) that have extended the range of the five major fatty acids found normally in soybean oil (palmitate, stearate, oleate, linoleate, and linolenate). Aside from the triglycerides (TG), which typically make up more than 99% of refined soybean oil, soybeans also contain 0.3 to 0.6% phospholipids (PL), with phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylinositol (PI) being the major classes (7).…”

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confidence: 99%

Phospholipid fatty acid composition and stereospecific distribution of soybeans with a wide range of fatty acid composition

Wang¹,

Hammond²,

Fehr

1997

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Phospholipid (PL) fatty acid composition and stereospecific distribution of 25 genetically modified soybean lines with a wide range of compositions were determined by gas chromatography and phospholipase A 2 hydrolysis. PL contained an average of 55.3% phosphatidylcholine, 26.3% phosphatidylethanolamine, and 18.4% phosphatidylinositol. PL class proportions were affected by changes in overall fatty acid composition. PL fatty acid composition changed with oil fatty acid modification, especially for palmitate, stearate, and linolenate. Stereospecific analysis showed that saturated fatty acids were primarily located at the sn-1 position of all PL, and changes of the saturates in PL were largely reflected on this position. Oleate was distributed relatively equally between the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. Linoleate was much more concentrated on sn-2 than on sn-1 position for all PL. Linolenate was distributed relatively equally at low concentration but preferred sn-2 position at high concentration. JAOCS 74, 1587JAOCS 74, -1594JAOCS 74, (1997.

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Oil Quality Improvement in Soybeans‐Glycine max (L.) Merr.

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

Breeding for Modified Fatty Acid Composition in Soybean

Breeding for Modified Fatty Acid Composition in Soybean

Maternal Effects on Fatty Acid Composition of Soybean Seed Oil

Phospholipid fatty acid composition and stereospecific distribution of soybeans with a wide range of fatty acid composition

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