Oil and PCB interactions on the uptake and excretion in midges

Effect of nonaqueous‐phase liquids on the availability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil for worm uptake and bacterial genotoxicity

“…This is not unexpected because diffusivity of B a P is probably inversely related to viscosity. An effect of viscosity on the rate of biodegradation of phenanthrene in soil slurries containing NAPLs has been reported previously [18], as has an effect of concentration of NAPL on bioavailability of polychlorinated biphenyls to chironomid larvae [7]. The data also show a relationship between bioavailability and hydrophobicity, at least in one soil.…”

“…The availability of constituents of NAPLs to invertebrates or higher animals has not been studied extensively. However, it has been reported that polychlorinated biphenyls were rendered less available to the chironomid larva Glyptotendipes barpipes in aquatic systems if the compounds were initially present in mineral oil [7]. The availability of PAHs in coal tar to mice has been shown by a study in which it was found that the lungs of mice exposed to soil contaminated with coal tar contained DNA adducts of the PAHs [8].…”

“…barpipes in aquatic systems if the compounds were initially present in mineral oil [7]. The availability of PAHs in coal tar to mice has been shown by a study in which it was found that the lungs of mice exposed to soil contaminated with coal tar contained DNA adducts of the PAHs [8].…”

Effect of volatile hydrocarbon fractions on mobility and earthworm uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soils and soil/lampblack mixtures

“…Some disagreement exists as to the effect of the presence of an oil layer on contaminant bioavailability. In some studies, the presence of oil was found to decrease genotoxic effects of benzo[ a ]pyrene on bacteria [30], PAH uptake by earthworms [31], and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) uptake by midges [32]. However, these studies employed artificially spiked soils.…”

Functional and Ultrastructural Cell Pathology Induced by Fuel Oil in Cultured Dolphin Renal Cells

“…There is signi"cant persistence of petroleum residues in the environment in the form of slicks, tar balls, dissolved oil in water and sediments, and accumulation of hydrocarbons in food chains, all of which follow the more dramatic appearance of an initial oil spill. Sediment oil concentrations may range from 5 to 18% (Meier and Rediske, 1984), and may indirectly contribute to ecotoxicology by the capacity of oil sediments to concentrate other pollutants including chlorinated hydrocarbons such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (Sayler and Colwell, 1976). Because of these environmental problems, considerable research has been undertaken to document the toxicologic e!ects of oil and other hydrocarbons on many forms of wildlife.…”