OH measurements during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1): Observations and model comparisons

Mauldin, R. L.; Frost, G. J.; Chen, G.; Tanner, David J.; Prévôt, Andrê S. H.; Davis, D. D.; Eisele, F. L.

doi:10.1029/98jd00882

Cited by 117 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It should be noted that high-altitude OH concentrations presented m earlier work [Mauldin et al, 1998[Mauldin et al, , 1999 were calculated using an exponential fit to calibration data. This fit began at a value of 9.8 at sea level and rose to 14.8 at 465 mb.…”

Section: Altitudementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These compounds include such species as CO, CH4, numerous other nonmethane system consists of three major sections: a shrouded inlet which straightens and slows the air flow; an ion reaction region in which the chemical ionization reactions occur; and a turbo molecular pumped vacuum chamber which houses a quadrupole mass spectrometer and an electron multiplier detector. The measurement technique and system used in this study has been described in detail elsewhere Tanner, 1991, 1993;Tanner et al, 1997;Mauldin et al, 1998Mauldin et al, , 1999; therefore the reader is directed to those works expehmental details. The method for determining the calibration coefficient, however bears some discussion as a different type of calibration assembly from that used 'm previous studies by our group was employed here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements of OH aboard the NASA P‐3 during PEM‐Tropics B

Mauldin¹,

Eisele²,

Cantrell³

et al. 2001

J. Geophys. Res.

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Section: Altitudementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of OH aboard the NASA P‐3 during PEM‐Tropics B

Mauldin¹,

Eisele²,

Cantrell³

et al. 2001

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Field observations have offered evidence for the uptake of HO 2 by atmospheric aerosols (4,5), which act as nucleating sites for cloud droplets. Furthermore, laboratory and theoretical studies in recent literature show that there is a particularly strong interaction between an HO 2 radical and a water molecule (6,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the interactions between atmospheric radicals and cloud droplets: A molecular picture of the interface

Shi

Belair

Francisco

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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How gas-phase materials become incorporated with cloud droplets has been an intriguing subject for decades, and considerable work has been done to understand the interactions between closed-shell molecules and liquid water. The interactions between open-shell radical species and liquid-phase cloud droplets, however, are not well understood. To probe these interactions we used quantum chemistry calculations to predict the energetics of the hydroperoxy radical (HO2) in the presence of an (H2O)20 spherical water cage. Our calculations show that it is energetically favorable for the radical to bind to the outside of the cage. This configuration has the hydrogen and the terminal oxygen of the radical as its primary bonding sites. Free-energy calculations suggest that, at atmospheric conditions, there will be a partitioning between HO2 radicals that are surface-bound and HO2 radicals that dissolve into the bulk. This may have important ramifications for our understanding of radical chemistry and may lend insight into the role that clouds and aerosols play in atmospheric chemical processes.R adical species play an important role in controlling the chemistry of the atmosphere. The uptake of radicals by both aqueous atmospheric aerosols and cloud droplets can impact gas-phase chemistry by removing reactant radicals from the gas phase. For example, the uptake of HO 2 radicals by cloud droplets slows down the gas-phase loss of ozone (O 3 ) because HO 2 can react with O 3 as follows (1):Lack of HO 2 concentration can also suppress the formation of O 3 by the reaction sequenceHowever, the mechanism by which HO 2 is taken up by an aqueous medium and what happens to the HO 2 after uptake both are unclear. Knowing whether a particular radical species is adsorbed (surface-bound) or absorbed (dissolved into the bulk) is critical to an understanding of its kinetics and reaction dynamics.The current model for how a gas-phase molecule is taken up by a water droplet (2) is depicted in Fig. 1. The first step involves gas-phase diffusion to the surface of the droplet. The second step involves accommodation of the gas-phase molecule at the surface. This is the crucial step, and little is known about how a radical interacts with the surface. Studies by Gertner and Hynes (3) have looked at how closed-shell molecules interact with water surfaces, but no studies to date have explained how open-shell species might be accommodated. Once a molecule is accommodated, the third step involves diffusion within the water droplet. Reaction within the bulk, diffusion of the reaction products back to the surface, and desorption from the droplet make up the remainder of the sequence. An understanding of each of these steps is essential to comprehend reactive uptake by water droplets, which is important for atmospheric models and the interpretation of heterogeneous processes occurring in the atmosphere.Field observations have offered evidence for the uptake of HO 2 by atmospheric aerosols (4, 5), which act as nucleating sites for cloud droplets. Furtherm...

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“…Auxiliary gas-phase data used in this analysis are carbon monoxide (CO) by vacuum UV resonance fluorescence (Gerbig et al, 1999), nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) by chemiluminescence (Ridley et al, 2004), ethane (C 2 H 6 ) by infrared spectrometry (Richter et al, 2015), aromatic and biogenic species by on-line proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry (Lindinger et al, 1998;de Gouw and Warneke 2007), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), i-pentane and n-pentane by on-line cryogenic gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (Apel et al, 15 2015), methylcyclohexane and n-octane by offline analysis of whole air canister samples (WAS) by GC-MS (Colman et al, 2001), nitric acid (HNO 3 ) by chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) using SF 6 -as the reagent ion (Huey et al, 1998), peroxy acyl nitrates (PAN and PPN) by I -CIMS (Zheng et al, 2011), alkyl nitrates by thermal dissociation-laser induced fluorescence (Day et al, 2002), and hydroxyl (OH), hydroperoxy (HO 2 ), and alkyl peroxy (RO 2 ) radicals by CIMS (Mauldin et al, 1998;Hornbrook et al, 2011;Ren et al, 2012). NO y was 20 calculated by summing up the individually measured nitrogen oxide species, namely NO, NO 2 , HNO 3 , particulate nitrate, PAN, PPN, and alkyl nitrates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and Characteristics of Summertime Organic Aerosol in the Colorado Front Range: Perspective from Measurements and WRF-Chem Modeling

Bahreini¹,

Ahmadov²,

McKeen³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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2O&G sector using the top-down approach, it was estimated that the O&G sector contributed to <5% of total OA, but up to 38% of anthropogenic SOA in the region. The best agreement between the measured and simulated median OA was achieved by limiting the extent of biogenic hydrocarbon aging and consequently biogenic SOA (bSOA) production. Despite a lower production of bSOA in this scenario, contribution of bSOA to total SOA remained high at 40-54%. Future studies aiming at a better emissions characterization of POA and intermediate volatility organic

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OH measurements during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1): Observations and model comparisons

Cited by 117 publications

References 37 publications

Measurements of OH aboard the NASA P‐3 during PEM‐Tropics B

Measurements of OH aboard the NASA P‐3 during PEM‐Tropics B

On the interactions between atmospheric radicals and cloud droplets: A molecular picture of the interface

Sources and Characteristics of Summertime Organic Aerosol in the Colorado Front Range: Perspective from Measurements and WRF-Chem Modeling

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