Offspring birth weight and maternal fasting lipids in women screened for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

Whyte, Kathy; Kelly, H. J.; O’Dwyer, Vicky; Gibbs, M.; O’Higgins, Amy; Turner, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2013.04.015

Cited by 54 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, this approach necessitates an increase in dietary fat,15 which may promote insulin resistance in humans and has resulted in adiposity, hepatic steatosis, and metabolic syndrome in offspring in animal models 16. Maternal triglyceride and free fatty acid concentrations are strong predictors of excess fetal fat accretion, so a low carbohydrate, higher fat diet may have unintended consequences on fetal health 171819…”

Section: Lifestyle Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel therapies for diabetes mellitus in pregnancy

Feghali

Scifres

2018

BMJ

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Diabetes is a common complication of pregnancy, and the prevalence of all types of the disease is increasing worldwide. Diabetes in pregnancy is associated with short term and long term adverse effects for mother and child. The goal of treatment of diabetes in pregnancy is to minimize maternal and fetal adverse events related to hyperglycemia. Treatment options vary by type of diabetes, from a focus on lifestyle modifications in gestational diabetes to continuous glucose monitoring and insulin pumps in pregestational diabetes. Nevertheless, given the commonality of hyperglycemia, considerable overlap exists in the treatment of different types of diabetes in pregnancy. Also, despite ongoing research on treatment of diabetes in pregnancy for decades, changes in the characteristics of the patient population have highlighted the limited effectiveness of different therapies. Specifically, despite the co-occurrence of obesity and diabetes, treatment recommendations including glycemic targets are not altered in such cases and a single optimal treatment strategy for each type of diabetes in pregnancy does not seem to exist. Rather, the approach to treating pregnant women with diabetes likely needs to be individualized to maximize the short term and long term health of mother and child. This article will review recent clinical studies to summarize established treatment strategies and introduce novel therapies for diabetes in pregnancy.

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Section: Lifestyle Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel therapies for diabetes mellitus in pregnancy

Feghali

Scifres

2018

BMJ

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“…Triglyceride concentrations in women with hyperglycaemia during pregnancy have been shown to be associated with increased birth weight [15,16]. While some studies have been performed addressing the association between maternal blood lipid profiles in euglycaemic women and infant size [17,18], conflicting reports have been found in this understudied area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Blood Lipid Profile during Pregnancy and Associations with Child Adiposity: Findings from the ROLO Study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe in-utero environment affects fetal development; it is vital to understand how maternal diet during pregnancy influences childhood body composition. While research indicates that triglycerides in hyperglycaemic women may increase birth weight, little is known about this relationship in euglycemic women. This study examines the relationship between maternal blood lipid status and infant adiposity up to 2 years of age.MethodsData from 331 mother-child pairs from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study was analysed. Maternal dietary intakes were recorded and fasting blood lipids, leptin and HOMA were measured in early and late pregnancy and cord blood. Infant anthropometric measurements and skin-fold thicknesses were recorded at birth, 6 months and 2 years. Correlation and regression analyses were used to explore associations between maternal blood lipid status and infant adiposity.ResultsAll maternal blood lipids increased significantly during pregnancy. Maternal dietary fat intake was positively associated with total cholesterol levels in early pregnancy. Late pregnancy triglycerides were positively associated with birth weight (P = 0.03) while cord blood triglycerides were negatively associated with birth weight (P = 0.01). Cord HDL-C was negatively associated with infant weight at 6 months (P = 0.005). No other maternal blood lipids were associated with infant weight or adiposity up to 2 years of age.ConclusionMaternal and fetal triglycerides were associated with birth weight and cord HDL-C with weight at 6 months. Thus, maternal lipid concentrations may exert in-utero influences on infant body composition. There may be potential to modulate infant body composition through alteration of maternal diet during pregnancy.

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“…In a prospective study conducted by K. Whyte et al,-it was proven that in women selectively screened for GDM, increased fasting maternal triglycerides were associated with increased offspring birth weight independent of maternal age, BMI and GDM status. 44 These findings provide further evidence that maternal hypertriglyceridemia may be important in programming intrauterine fetal growth. In a Korean study of 104 women diagnosed with GDM, maternal hypertriglyceridemia at 24-32 weeks gestation was an independent parameter for identifying large for gestational age newborns 45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Offspring Birth Weight and Maternal Fasting Lipids in Women Screened for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Menon¹,

Nagarathna²,

Sudeep³

2018

MEDRECH

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Introduction:The most common neonatal complication of gestational DM is macrosomia. During early pregnancy, an accumulation of maternal fat depots occurs followed by increased adipose tissue lipolysis and subsequent hyperlipidemia which mainly corresponds to increased triglycerides in all circulating lipoproteins. In GDM women the enhanced insulin resistance and altered estrogen-progesterone ratio are responsible for the reported wide range of dyslipidemic conditions 1 . Association of high maternal glucose levels and fetus macrosomia have been documented. The prospective Amsterdam Born children and development cohort study, reported that high maternal TG levels in early pregnancy were associated with higher Birth weights and subsequently a higher occurrence of LGA births, whereas low TG levels were associated with accelerated postnatal growth2. Total cholesterol, HDL and lipoprotein concentrations are not significantly different between GDM patients and control subjects3. Both maternal triglycerides and nonesterified fatty acids levels but not glucose in pregnancies with well-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus has been shown to correlate positively with both neonatal weight and fat mass4. Significantly elevated triglyceride levels in cord blood of obese GDM patients with macrosomic fetus suggests that TG may be important in the pathogenesis of fetal macrosomia5. We have undertaken this study to understand the relationship of hyperlipidemia in GDM pregnancy and the relationship between triglyceride levels and fetal macrosomia. Aims and Objectives: To correlate the relationship between fasting cholesterol and Triglycerides and offspring birthweight in women screened for GDM, To correlate the relationship between fasting maternal cholesterol, Triglycerides and mode of delivery and perinatal outcome.

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Offspring birth weight and maternal fasting lipids in women screened for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

Cited by 54 publications

References 18 publications

Novel therapies for diabetes mellitus in pregnancy

Novel therapies for diabetes mellitus in pregnancy

Maternal Blood Lipid Profile during Pregnancy and Associations with Child Adiposity: Findings from the ROLO Study

Offspring Birth Weight and Maternal Fasting Lipids in Women Screened for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

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