Offsite construction skills evolution: an Australian case study

Abstract

Purpose The construction industry is currently responding to pressures of industrialisation happening across all sectors. Consequently, offsite construction (OSC) has become a vehicle to achieve industrialisation. This requires changes in traditional construction processes resulting in possible changes in construction skill requirements. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to identify and review prevailing OSC practices and skills in the Australian construction industry. This study aims to critically analyse the existing skill profile classifications through a single case study and identify the need for an OSC specific skill classification. Design/methodology/approach This study follows a case study design, with an in-depth analysis of a single construction project. Only one case study was studied because scientifically, one example was enough to prove that the prevailing skill classifications do not represent OSC skills in a modern context. Data was retrospectively collected through semi-structured interviews of project stakeholders representing design, manufacture and assembly. Content analysis was conducted to analyse the collected data and produce findings. Findings This study identifies the inadequacy of the existing classification system, unavailability and the need of OSC specific skill categorisation. It highlights new skills that enter OSC; building information modelling engineer, three-dimensional draftsperson, OSC project manager and project coordinator, which are not identified in the available Australian skill classifications. These, together with existing skills need to be carved in to create a new skill classification. Originality/value This study is the first of its kind where a comprehensive OSC project is evaluated as a case study to determine OSC skill classification requirements in Australia.

Specific Skill Requirements within Prefabricated Residential Construction: Stakeholders’ Perspectives

“…The study found that these are not identified in the available Australian skill classifications. These, together with some existing skills, need to be part of a new skill classification [36].…”

“…Various relevant skills for better uptake of prefabrication have been identified in extant literature. Ginigaddar et al [36] classified these skills into professional and vocational categories. Professional skills critical for off-site construction are knowledge in DFMA, BIM, digital design, commercial estimating, OSM and logistics production engineering, process efficiency and multi-skills [55][56][57][58].…”

Development of an Offsite Construction Typology: A Delphi Study

“…The current state of OSC is primarily affected by industrialization and the increasing shift from onsite construction to factory-based prefabrication [1]. Hence, onsite works are minimal and focus only on assembling buildings or building elements performed by advanced self-directed work package gangs [19]. Depending on the OSC type, the requirement for skilled workers and professionals, both onsite and offsite, varies [53].…”

“…Therefore, this study identifies predominant materials and prominent skills for different OSC types by seeking expert opinions. A detailed predictive analysis of the OSC skills required for different OSC types has been carried out in a parallel study [19].…”

“…OSC design [13], and procurement processes [14], causing time and cost inefficiencies [15]. Therefore, the development of a succinct OSC typology assists in enhanced product specification [5], process improvement [16], minimized operational risk [17], efficient procurement process [14], multi-skilling for optimal process integration [18], skill prediction [19], and increased levels of automation [7,20]. Such operational benefits can escalate production by incorporating the technological advancements evident in distinct OSC types.…”