Offshore sedimentary facies of a modern carbonate ramp, Kuwait, northwestern Arabian-Persian Gulf

Gischler, Eberhard; Lomando, Anthony J.

doi:10.1007/s10347-005-0075-4

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Isotope studies of modern carbonate sediments from Belize barrier and atoll reefs and the northern Kuwait ramp produced comparably wide ranges; however, only in the ramp example a delineation of facies based on carbon and oxygen isotopes was possible (Gischler et al 2004;Gischler and Lomando 2005). Likewise, the compilation of isotopes in modern shallow-water carbonates by Land (1989) shows even higher ranges from −3.5 to +5‰ in δ 13 C and from −3.5 to +2‰ in δ 18 O.…”

Section: Stable Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Sedimentation on Rasdhoo and Ari Atolls, Maldives, Indian Ocean

Gischler

2006

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A first systematic study of composition, texture, and distribution of modern sediments in two Maldivian atolls reveals the predominance of skeletal carbonates. Fragments of corals, calcareous algae, mollusks, benthic foraminifera, and echinoderms are identified in the grainsize fraction >125 µm. Non-skeletal grains such as cemented fecal pellets and aggregate grains only occur in small percentages. Fragments of skeletal grains, aragonite needles, and nanograins (<1 µm) are found in the grain-size fraction <125 µm. Needles and nanograins are interpreted to be largely of skeletal origin. Five sedimentary facies are distinguished (1-5), for which the Dunhamclassification is applied. Fore reef, reef, back reef, as well as lagoonal patch reef and faro areas in both atolls are characterized by the occurrence of coral grainstones (1), which also contain fragments of red coralline algae, the codiacean alga Halimeda, and mollusks. On reef islands, coralrich sediment is cemented to form intertidal beachrock and supratidal cayrock. Skeletal grains in atoll-interior lagoons are mainly mollusks and foraminifera. The lagoon of Rasdhoo Atoll is covered in the west by mudstones (2), in the center by mollusk packstones (3) and mollusk wackestones (4), and by hard bottoms with corals in the east adjacent to channels through the atoll reef margin. The interior lagoon of Ari Atoll contains mollusk wackestones (4) in the center and mollusk-foraminifer packstones (5). Marginal lagoon areas are characterized by hard bottoms with corals. Facies distribution appears to be an expression of depositional energy, which decreases from the atoll margin towards the center in Ari Atoll, and towards the west in Rasdhoo Atoll. Predominant sediment mineralogies include aragonite and high-magnesium calcite. Mean aragonite content decreases from 90% in coral grainstone to 70-80% in mollusk packstone, mollusk wackestone, and mudstone, and to 50% in E. Gischler ( ) packstone. Stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon in bulk samples range from −3 to −1.5 (δ 18 O) and from +0.4 to +3.2 (δ 13 C). It is not possible to delineate facies based on O-and C-isotopes.

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Section: Stable Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Sedimentation on Rasdhoo and Ari Atolls, Maldives, Indian Ocean

Gischler

2006

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“…There is a growing body of work documenting local carbon cycling effects in epeiric seas, both in the geological past (Beauchamp et al, 1987;Holmden et al, 1998;Finney et al, 1999;Immenhauser et al, 2003;Kaljo et al, 2004;Gischler and Lomando, 2005;Panchuk et al, 2005Panchuk et al, , 2006Melchin and Holmden, 2006;Fanton and Holmden, 2007;Immenhauser et al, 2008;Swart, 2008;LaPorte et al, 2009) and at the present day (Patterson and Walter, 1994;Swart and Eberli, 2005). Recently, it was reported that a d 44/40 Ca study of Ordovician carbonates in the Williston Basin suggested the presence of local Ca-cycling effects in epeiric sea carbonates (Holmden, 2009).…”

Section: The Role Of Sgd As a Factor Influencing Local Ca-cycling In mentioning

confidence: 94%

δ44/40Ca variability in shallow water carbonates and the impact of submarine groundwater discharge on Ca-cycling in marine environments

Holmden

Papanastassiou

Blanchon

et al. 2012

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…The coralline algae are both encrusting the corals and other skeletal material as well as occurring throughout the marl. In studies of the modern Persian Gulf, coralline algae are only a minor contributor to the sediment (Wagner and van der Togt 1973;Melguen 1973;Gischler and Lomando 2005), and occur typically on inner ramp shoals and shallow reefs or in lagoonal muds with abundant porcelaneous foraminifera (Purser 1973;Gischler and Lomando 2005). Shinn (1969) and Purkis et al (2011) described the formation of hardgrounds, which can provide a substrate for both corals and coralline algae.…”

Section: Late Pleistocene Faciesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The change from the foraminifera to the aggregate-mollusc microfacies is believed to be a result of shallowing towards the lower bivalve layer. Gischler and Lomando (2005) showed that mollusc-rich facies dominate the modern ramp in the northwestern gulf, oVshore of Kuwait, in water depths of 7.5-17 m.…”

Section: Late Pleistocene Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity and community structure of Late Pleistocene foraminifera from Kish Island, Persian Gulf (Iran)

Mossadegh

Parker

Gischler

2012

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The raised coral reef sequences at Kish Island provide a rare window into the depositional setting and paleoenvironment of a high-latitude, shallow-water coral reef that developed under turbid conditions in the Persian Gulf during Marine Isotope Stage 7 (»200 to 250 ka). Six sedimentary facies and eight foraminiferal assemblages can be identiWed throughout the sequence. A ninth assemblage can be deWned for the modern subtidal realm. At the base of the sequence is a marl rich in hyaline foraminifera (Elphidium, Ammonia, Asterorotalia, Bulimina, Nonion, and Quinqueloculina) and ostracods, which was deposited in about 30-40 m water depth in a turbid deltaic setting. Shallowing resulted in the marl becoming sandy, and changing to a mollusc-rich facies with rare foraminifera (mostly smaller miliolid taxa) that formed the substrate for coral recruitment. The coral marl layer contains many large corals embedded in situ in an aggregate and coralline algae-rich marl. Two abundance peaks in the foraminifera occur at the base and mid-way through this layer, which also correspond to a change from Murrayinella-dominated to Placopsilina-dominated assemblages, indicating deepening and more open-marine conditions, but elevated turbidity. Towards the top of the layer, abundance of foraminifera decreases and miliolid foraminifera become dominant. The top-most layer is dominated by coral and mollusc fragments and has an Amphistegina-rich reef-related assemblage. Of the Late Pleistocene foraminiferal assemblages, the Murrayinella-, Pararotalia-, and Placopsilina-dominated assemblages are no longer present in the modern gulf for unknown reasons. Of the other Wve assemblages, only the Amphistegina assemblage is found within proximity to the modern Kish Island. The Elphidium and Asterorotalia-Bulimina assemblages are from deeper areas of the gulf. The Ammonia and Quinqueloculina assemblages occur in lagoonal sediments on the Arabian side of the gulf. Like the modern Persian Gulf, the diversity of foraminifera was low (»80 common species) during the Pleistocene and does not correlate with foraminiferal abundance.

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Offshore sedimentary facies of a modern carbonate ramp, Kuwait, northwestern Arabian-Persian Gulf

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Sedimentation on Rasdhoo and Ari Atolls, Maldives, Indian Ocean

Sedimentation on Rasdhoo and Ari Atolls, Maldives, Indian Ocean

δ44/40Ca variability in shallow water carbonates and the impact of submarine groundwater discharge on Ca-cycling in marine environments

Biodiversity and community structure of Late Pleistocene foraminifera from Kish Island, Persian Gulf (Iran)

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