Offshore Geological Storage of Hydrogen: Is This Our Best Option to Achieve Net-Zero?

Hassanpouryouzband, Aliakbar; Joonaki, Edris; Edlmann, Katriona; Haszeldine, R. Stuart

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.1c00845

Cited by 207 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…High threshold pressures, together with wettability and interfacial tension (IFT) properties, determine the final column height that a seal can hold, thereby affecting the ultimate reservoir storage volumes. Compared to the underground natural gas storage, higher capillary entry pressures are expected to occur for hydrogen due to its higher interfacial tension (Hassanpouryouzband et al 2021;Naylor et al 2011). Therefore, hydrogen can be stored at a higher (Chabab et al, 2020).…”

Section: Depleted Hydrocarbon Reservoirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen production, storage, utilisation and environmental impacts: a review

et al. 2021

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Dihydrogen (H2), commonly named ‘hydrogen’, is increasingly recognised as a clean and reliable energy vector for decarbonisation and defossilisation by various sectors. The global hydrogen demand is projected to increase from 70 million tonnes in 2019 to 120 million tonnes by 2024. Hydrogen development should also meet the seventh goal of ‘affordable and clean energy’ of the United Nations. Here we review hydrogen production and life cycle analysis, hydrogen geological storage and hydrogen utilisation. Hydrogen is produced by water electrolysis, steam methane reforming, methane pyrolysis and coal gasification. We compare the environmental impact of hydrogen production routes by life cycle analysis. Hydrogen is used in power systems, transportation, hydrocarbon and ammonia production, and metallugical industries. Overall, combining electrolysis-generated hydrogen with hydrogen storage in underground porous media such as geological reservoirs and salt caverns is well suited for shifting excess off-peak energy to meet dispatchable on-peak demand.

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Section: Depleted Hydrocarbon Reservoirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen production, storage, utilisation and environmental impacts: a review

et al. 2021

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“…Contact angles for methane-brine and hydrogen-brine systems are assumed to be the same as both are water-wet with contact angles less than 50 degrees (This study, Hashemi et al, 2021, Yekta et al, 2018. Therefore, based on the IFT data (This study, , Chow et al, 2020, and assuming the contact angles for sealing rocks are similar to those for the reservoir rocks studied here, the column height of hydrogen stored will be greater than or equal to that of methane, which has significant implications for UHS in depleted gas reservoirs (Hassanpouryouzband et al, 2021;Ennis-King et al, 2021). This is a significant finding for the feasibility of UHS and understanding the interaction between reservoir fluids to design field development scenarios and improve the accuracy of simulation models.…”

Section: Discussion and Implications For Uhsmentioning

confidence: 84%

In-situ hydrogen wettability characterisation for Underground Hydrogen Storage

Higgs¹,

Wang²,

Sun³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Hydrogen storage in subsurface aquifers or depleted gas reservoirs represents a viable seasonal and/or long-term energy storage solution. However, currently, there is a scarcity of subsurface petrophysical data for the hydrogen system, limiting modelling work and industrial rollout. In this work, we address the knowledge gap by determining the wettability and Interfacial Tension (IFT) of the hydrogen-brine-quartz system using a multi-modal, in-situ approach. We utilise the captive bubble, pendant drop and in-situ 3D micro-Computed Tomography (CT) methods to rigorously characterise a hydrogen-brine-Bentheimer rock system, applicable to high quartz sandstone storage systems generally. The captive bubble method determined the effective contact angle ranged between 29°-39° for pressures 6.89-20.68MPa and salinities from distilled water to 5000ppm NaCl brine. In-situ methods confirmed the water-wet system with the mean of the macroscopic and apparent contact angle distributions being 39.77° and 59.75° respectively. Further confirmation of the water-wet system was provided by curvature analysis of fluid clusters. The pendant drop method determined that IFT decreased with increasing pressure in distilled water from 72.45 mN/m at 6.89MPa to 69.43 mN/m at 20.68MPa. No correlation was found between IFT and salinity for the 1000ppm and 5000ppm brines. Our fundamental studies provide insights into the physics of hydrogen wetting in multiphase environments of subsurface reservoirs. With this, we can make informed estimates of relative permeability and capillary pressure for the hydrogen-brine system to model the storage capacity and withdrawal rate of hydrogen in target reservoirs.

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“…Global commitments to reduce GHG emissions and related temperature levels to preindustrialised levels remain futile due to the slow enactment of necessary policies to reach net-zero emissions. In spite of 1260 Climate Acts across the globe and commitment by at least 20 countries to achieve net-zero emission in the next few decades, GHG emissions have maintained upward mobility [2]. The exponential demand for energy from ChemEngineering 2021, 5, 54 2 of 16 8588.9 million tonnes (Mtoe) to 13,147.3 Mtoe between 1995 and 2015 presents a microcosm of the future challenges posed to the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement to reduce GHG emissions to near net-zero from the current highs of 50 billion metric tonnes [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Decomposition Kinetic Study of Non-Recyclable Paper and Plastic Waste by Thermogravimetric Analysis

2021

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The global net emissions of the Kyoto Protocol greenhouse gases (GHG), such as carbon dioxide (CO2), fluorinated gases, methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), remain substantially high, despite concerted efforts to reduce them. Thermal treatment of solid waste contributes at least 2.8–4% of the GHG in part due to increased generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and inefficient treatment processes, such as incineration and landfill. Thermal treatment processes, such as gasification and pyrolysis, are valuable ways to convert solid materials, such as wastes into syngas, liquids, and chars, for power generation, fuels, or for the bioremediation of soils. Subcoal™ is a commercial product based on paper and plastics from the source segregated waste that is not readily recyclable and that would otherwise potentially find its way in to landfills. This paper looks at the kinetic parameters associated with this product in pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion conditions for consideration as a fuel for power generation or as a reductant in the blast furnace ironmaking process. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) in Nitrogen (N2), CO2, and in air, was used to measure and compare the reaction kinetics. The activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponential factor A were measured at different heating rates using non-isothermal Ozawa Flynn Wall and (OFW) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sonuse (KAS) model-free techniques. The TGA curves showed that the thermal degradation of Subcoal™ comprises three main processes: dehydration, devolatilization, and char and ash formation. In addition, the heating rate drifts the devolatilization temperature to a higher value. Likewise, the derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) results stated that Tm degradation increased as the heating rate increased. Substantial variance in Ea was noted between the four stages of thermal decomposition of Subcoal™ on both methods. The Ea for gasification reached 200.2 ± 33.6 kJ/mol by OFW and 179.0 ± 31.9 kJ/mol by KAS. Pyrolysis registered Ea values of 161.7 ± 24.7 kJ/mol by OFW and 142.6 ± 23.5 kJ/mol by KAS. Combustion returned the lowest Ea values for both OFW (76.74 ± 15.4 kJ/mol) and KAS (71.0 ± 4.4 kJ/mol). The low Ea values in combustion indicate shorter reaction time for Subcoal™ degradation compared to gasification and pyrolysis. Generally, TGA kinetics analysis using KAS and OFW methods show good consistency in evaluating Arrhenius constants.

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Offshore Geological Storage of Hydrogen: Is This Our Best Option to Achieve Net-Zero?

Cited by 207 publications

References 30 publications

Hydrogen production, storage, utilisation and environmental impacts: a review

Hydrogen production, storage, utilisation and environmental impacts: a review

In-situ hydrogen wettability characterisation for Underground Hydrogen Storage

Thermal Decomposition Kinetic Study of Non-Recyclable Paper and Plastic Waste by Thermogravimetric Analysis

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