Offshore environmental loads and wind turbine design: impact of wind, wave, currents and ice

Tempel, Jan van der; Diepeveen, N.F.B.; Vries, W.E. De; Salzmann, D. Cerda

doi:10.1533/9780857090638.4.463

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…We need to stress the limitations of the ME method applied here to calculate hydrodynamic loads, using simplified geometrical parameters of structures and the representation of wave dynamics. In particular, wave diffraction is neglected, and this process may be important in larger diameter monopiles typically used to support offshore wind turbines [3]. In particular, the case of 10 m diameter for a floating monopile used here is at the limit of the ME method applicability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that C D increases with increasing roughness, whereas C M decreases with increasing roughness. C M also decreases with increasing cylinder diameter to wavelength ratio (D/λ) [3]. Here, for our demonstration case study, we fixed these coefficients at typical values of C M = 1.4 and C D = 0.7, without either further justification or variation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Engineering analysis of floating or fixed offshore structures requires the assessment of environmental loads from winds, waves, and currents [1][2][3][4][5]. In the fast-growing wind energy market of the North Sea, offshore wind farms are planned to be installed further away from the coast to ensure access to a stronger and more stable wind field, while avoiding impacts on the local shoreline environment and the viewshed from the shores [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Extreme Environmental Loads on Offshore Structures in the North Sea from High-Resolution Ocean Currents, Waves and Wind Forecasting

Skliris

Marsh

Srokosz

et al. 2021

JMSE

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The fast development of the offshore energy industry becomes an essential component of resilient economies in most of the countries around the North Sea, addressing an increasing demand for cost-efficient and environmentally safe energy sources. Offshore wind farms are planned to be installed further away from the coasts to ensure stronger and more stable wind resources in this region. Oil and gas extraction infrastructures are also planned to move into deeper areas of the continental shelf and continental shelf slopes to explore new fields. These deeper areas of the ocean are characterised by harsh environmental conditions: stronger winds, larger waves and strong shelf slope currents, inducing considerably larger loads on offshore structures. This study brings together operational physical oceanography and the mathematics of fluid-structure interactions to estimate the likelihood of extreme environmental loads on offshore structures in the North Sea. We use the state-of-the-art Met Office high resolution ocean forecasting system, which provides high-frequency data on ocean and tidal currents, wave heights and periods and winds at a ~7 km horizontal resolution grid, spanning the North–West European Shelf. The Morison equation framework is used to calculate environmental loads on various types of offshore structures that are typically employed by the offshore industries in the North Sea. We use hourly data for a 2-year period to analyse the spatio-temporal variability of mean and extreme hydrodynamic loads and derive the relative contributions of currents, waves and winds in the region. The results indicate that waves dominate extreme hydrodynamic forces on the shallow shelf, whereas the current contribution is important at the shelf break and in the English Channel.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Extreme Environmental Loads on Offshore Structures in the North Sea from High-Resolution Ocean Currents, Waves and Wind Forecasting

Skliris

Marsh

Srokosz

et al. 2021

JMSE

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“…Dynamic loads are related to the environment in the form of wind or water interaction, and classified as aerodynamic and hydrodynamic, respectively, which are the most challenging to OWT according to Yu [35]. Moreover, Tempel added that for OWTs, the assessment of environmental parameters is more extensive than for land turbines [36]. On land, turbines can be simply designed by classes prescribing the wind regime and the required resilience of the turbine itself.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Control Technologies for Floating Offshore Wind Energy System: A Review

Truong

Dang

et al. 2020

Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech.

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This paper presents the recent control technologies being researched for floating offshore wind energy system (FOWES). FOWES has been getting many attentions recently as an alternative energy system utilizing vast sustainable wind resource away from land with little restriction by human societies, artificial and natural obstacles. However, not only due to the harsh environmental conditions such as strong wind, wave, and current, but also due to the platform motions such as surge, sway, heave, pitch, roll, and yaw, there could occur many problems including less energy capture than expected, frequent emergency stops, turbine structural instability, and fatigues resulting in early failures, which stay the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) still high compared to conventional fixed offshore wind energy system. These risks could be lowered by operating the turbine close to the optimum point and harvesting wind energy efficiently even under strong wind conditions with the properly applied control technologies, while reducing the loads on structural components. Many researches have been actively going on not only by numerical approaches, but also by experimental tests. This study is wrapping the most recent researches on control technologies for promising floating offshore wind energy system according to different substructure designs such as a spar type, semi-submergible type, tension-leg platform (TLP) type, and barge type, and discusses about its challenges as well.

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Application of CRITIC–EDAS-Based Approach in Structural Health Monitoring and Maintenance of Offshore Wind Turbine Systems

Agbakwuru,

Nwaoha,

Udosoh

2023

J. Marine. Sci. Appl.

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Offshore environmental loads and wind turbine design: impact of wind, wave, currents and ice

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Assessing Extreme Environmental Loads on Offshore Structures in the North Sea from High-Resolution Ocean Currents, Waves and Wind Forecasting

Assessing Extreme Environmental Loads on Offshore Structures in the North Sea from High-Resolution Ocean Currents, Waves and Wind Forecasting

Recent Control Technologies for Floating Offshore Wind Energy System: A Review

Application of CRITIC–EDAS-Based Approach in Structural Health Monitoring and Maintenance of Offshore Wind Turbine Systems

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