“…An extension of the so‐called LMS (lambda, mu, sigma) method (Cole & Green, 1992 ; Cole et al, 2009 ) was applied. Prediction models using LMS‐statistics have been formulated for spirometric parameters (Quanjer, Stanojevic, et al, 2012 ), the carbon monoxide transfer factor (Stanojevic et al, 2017 ), and static lung volumes in individuals of European ancestry (Hall et al, 2021 ). However, there is a striking dearth of normative reference values availability measuring parameters of airway dynamics computed throughout the whole respiratory cycle during spontaneous breathing at rest such as the effective specific airway resistance (sR eff ), its reciprocal value, the effective specific airway conductance (sG eff ), and the specific aerodynamic work of breathing at rest (sWOB).…”