Offgas analysis and pyrolysis mechanism of activated carbon from bamboo sawdust by chemical activation with KOH

Tian, Yong; Liu, Ping; Wang, Xiufang; Zhong, Guoying; Chen, Guanke

doi:10.1007/s11595-011-0157-9

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Generally, the lower temperature oxidation peak suggests the presence of volatile matter and amorphous carbon, and the peak at higher temperatures illustrates the oxidation of the main carbon of the biochar samples. The high oxidation temperature of biochar also suggests a more stable char structure, possibly because the cellulose and lignin within AD-Origin were oxidized during biochar production and activation …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high oxidation temperature of biochar also suggests a more stable char structure, 33 possibly because the cellulose and lignin within AD-Origin were oxidized during biochar production and activation. 34 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicates the microcosmic morphology of AD biochars. Figure 2a shows the structure of AD-Origin, and the noncorrosive and less-porous form is revealed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphorus Removal from Dirty Farmyard Water by Activated Anaerobic-Digestion-Derived Biochar

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The management of anaerobic digestate is important to realize the value of the waste and enhance the whole system sustainability of anaerobic digestion. In this study, the phosphorus treatment of dirty irrigation water by biochar samples derived from digestate of anaerobic digestion were investigated. The biochars were further activated by steam activation with different duration time and KOH activation with different introducing ratios; the textural properties of biochars were optimized after activation from the aspect of biochar characterization. Notably, AD-N 2 demonstrates a remarkable adsorption effect of phosphorus, with an adsorption efficiency of 8.99 mg g −1 . Besides the effect of biochar dosage on phosphorus removal, adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic isotherms are studied. According to the adsorption kinetics, the adsorption of phosphorus from dirty water fits the Elovich equation (R 2 = 0.95). Furthermore, the thermodynamic isotherm results illustrate the process of phosphorus removal by biochar is endothermic (ΔH 0 = 17.93 kJ mol −1 ) and spontaneous (ΔS = 96.24 J mol −1 K −1 ). Therefore, this work suggests a promising solution to phosphorus-related environmental challenges in industry and agriculture.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Removal from Dirty Farmyard Water by Activated Anaerobic-Digestion-Derived Biochar

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…In the case of a gas–solid reaction, the reactants were separated into two crucibles, accordingly. Then, the sample was heated under a continuous flow of N 2 gas at a rate of 200 cm 3 /min, based on the previous research related with ELTs − , and in accordance with recommendations from the existing literature. − The temperature, ranging from 700 to 900 °C, depending on the experimental setup was achieved by a heating rate of 5–13 °C/min and then maintained for a duration of 1–4 h (Table ). Following that, the sample was exposed to a controlled cooling process, gradually reducing its temperature to correspond with 25 °C at a rate of 5 °C/min.…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Activation Pathways of Recovered Carbon Black (rCB) from End-of-Life Tires (ELTs) by Potassium-Containing Agents

Dziejarski,

Faust,

Serafin

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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This study explores the conversion of recovered carbon black (rCB) from end-of-life tires (ELTs) into activated carbons (ACs) using potassium-based activators, targeting enhanced textural properties development. The research focuses on the interaction between potassium and rCB, with the aim of understanding the underlying mechanisms of rCB activation. The study investigates several parameters of KOH activation, including the KOH/rCB mass ratio (1:3 to 1:6), activation temperatures (700−900 °C), activation time (1−4 h), and heating rate (5−13 °C/min). It also assesses the effects of different potassium salts (KCl, K 2 CO 3 , CH 3 COOK, and K 2 C 2 O 4 ) on porosity and surface characteristics of the rCB/ACs. Furthermore, the role of the physical state of KOH as an activator (solid and gas−solid) was examined, alongside a comparative analysis with NaOH to evaluate the distinct effects of potassium and sodium ions. Optimal conditions were identified at an 800 °C activation temperature, a 7 °C/min heating rate, a 1:5 KOH/rCB ratio, and a 4 h activation period. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of several K-phases, such as K 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 •1.5H 2 O, K 4 (CO 3 ) 2 •(H 2 O) 3 , KHCO 3 , and K 2 O. The effectiveness of the potassium salts was ranked as follows: KOH > K 2 C 2 O 4 > CH 3 COOK > K 2 CO 3 > KCl, with KOH emerging as the most effective. Notably, the gas−solid reaction of KOH/rCB was indicated as a contributor to the activation process. Additionally, it was concluded that the role of KOH in enhancing the textural properties of rCB was primarily due to the interaction of K + ions with the graphite-like structure of rCB, compared to the effects observed with NaOH. This research introduces novel insights into the specific roles of different potassium salts and KOH activation conditions in optimizing the textural characteristics of rCB/ACs.

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“…Pyrolysis generates various gaseous, liquid, and carbon products. Most of the literature concerning pyrolysis has focused on activated carbon production (Xiao et al 2007;Tian et al 2011). Activated carbon is an excellent adsorbent that has a large pore volume and high specific surface area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of high-performance activated carbons using bamboo through one-step pyrolysis

Smith

Cai

et al. 2018

BioRes

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One-step pyrolysis is a promising thermal degradation process that has a fast reaction rate and high energy efficiency. In this study, high performance bamboo activated carbon was successfully prepared by one-step pyrolysis with different pyrolysis times (2.5 h, 5 h, and 10 h). Using a high pyrolysis temperature of 1050 °C, the specific surface area was remarkably increased to 2348 m2/g, which was substantially higher than the findings reported previously by other studies. The mesopore ratio was increased to 77.4%, which indicated that the bamboo activated carbon mainly contained microporous carbon and the mesoporosity was considerably developed. The activated carbon was then applied successfully to remove Methylene Blue from aqueous solutions. The adsorption equilibrium data was fit best to the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity ranged from 495 mg/g to 1667 mg/g.

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Offgas analysis and pyrolysis mechanism of activated carbon from bamboo sawdust by chemical activation with KOH

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Phosphorus Removal from Dirty Farmyard Water by Activated Anaerobic-Digestion-Derived Biochar

Phosphorus Removal from Dirty Farmyard Water by Activated Anaerobic-Digestion-Derived Biochar

Insights into Activation Pathways of Recovered Carbon Black (rCB) from End-of-Life Tires (ELTs) by Potassium-Containing Agents

Preparation of high-performance activated carbons using bamboo through one-step pyrolysis

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