Offenders of the Future?: Assessing the Risk of Children and Young People Becoming Involved in Criminal or Antisocial Behaviour

McCarthy, Paul; Laing, Karen; Walker, Jason

doi:10.1037/e620452007-001

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Broadly, a risk factor infl ates the likelihood that a person will experience some negative outcome and a protective factor reduces it, but relationships between risk and protective factors can be very complex, and the balance of risk and protective factors in the lives of young people seems more important in determining outcomes than single risk factors (Rutter, 1999 to infl uence outcomes (McCarthy et al, 2004). All three models have strengths and weaknesses (e.g.…”

Section: A Risk and Protection-focused Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vulnerable young people and substance misuse: expanding on the risk and protection‐focused approach using social psychology

et al. 2009

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This paper critically reviews recent research exploring risk and protective factors for the development of problematic substance use in populations of young people. Specifi c populations of young people who are most vulnerable to developing problematic patterns of use are identifi ed, and alterations to methods of data collection which would improve the ability of local authorities to monitor these populations and more effi ciently target them for early preventative interventions are highlighted. It is argued that social-psychological research techniques and approaches should be used to complement a risk and protection-focused approach in order to improve the design and evaluation of interventions, and provide decision-aids for practitioners when assessing the needs of vulnerable young people. Examples are provided to demonstrate the utility of social psychology in this regard, and the paper concludes with specifi c recommendations for future research and services. Copyright (DfES, 2005) has linked drug misuse with the Every Child Matters Agenda, and emphasised a need to improve service cooperation, accountability, delivery, prevention and early intervention with vulnerable individuals, and to build service and workforce capacity. The UK Drug Strategy (HM Government, 2008) has pledged to expand approaches to prevention to focus on children and families before problems arise, and to take a wide preventative view that is focused not only on substances themselves, but also on other substanceuse-related risk factors. This paper will critically review recent research exploring risk and protective factors for the development of problematic substance use in populations of young people. Risk and protection-focused research is useful because a range of identifi ed risk factors can be viewed as markers of vulnerability for substance misuse; and risk factors related to specifi c identifi able group memberships can be used to help local authorities target relevant services (e.g. drugs education/outreach, social work support) at high risk populations of young people. However, in real life, many risk factors for the development of substance misuse exist on continuums, rather than in dichotomous 'all or nothing' form. There are degrees of offending and degrees of homelessness (Goulden and Sondhi, 2001a); being offi cially accepted as homeless by a local authority is different from being insecurely housed, or 'being a runaway'. This paper argues that where data collection methods by local authorities and their partners fail to refl ect differences in the degree to which young people experience specifi c risk factors, valuable opportunities for early intervention and preventative work are missed. Moreover, while a risk and protection-focused approach is useful for identifying areas of vulnerability which can be targeted to try to promote et al., 2007) noted that beliefs explain just as much variance in drug use as risk factors do. In order to work more effectively with populations of vulnerable young people, we need more exp...

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Section: A Risk and Protection-focused Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All three models have strengths and weaknesses (e.g. the additive model fails to take account of risk and protective factors which are not diametrically opposed to one another), and it has been suggested that models of resilience need to be based on the premise that all three characterisations have value (for a review, see McCarthy et al, 2004). …”

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confidence: 99%

Vulnerable young people and substance misuse: expanding on the risk and protection‐focused approach using social psychology

et al. 2009

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“…These factors have been found to increase the risk that young people will become involved in criminal or antisocial behaviour (McCarthy et al, 2004). These factors have been found to increase the risk that young people will become involved in criminal or antisocial behaviour (McCarthy et al, 2004).…”

Section: Intensive Individualised Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

How does the delivery of multisystemic therapy to adolescents and their families challenge practice in traditional services in the Criminal Justice System?

Ashmore

Fox²

2011

British Jnl Forensic Practice

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Multisystemic therapy (MST) is described and contrasted with practice in traditional services for young people who have committed crime, behaved anti‐socially, abused substances or suffered family conflict. The challenges to traditional services posed by MST are examined, including consideration of the process of engagement in therapy, the intensive individualised therapy delivered in the young person's own home or local community, and the quality assurance systems.

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“…The essential meaning of ecological theory (Berger, McBreen, & Rifkin 1996;Bronfenbrenner, 1986;Fraser, 1997;Ungar, 2011), as well as the theory of risk and resilience (Kirby & Fraser, 1997;McCarthy, Laing, & Walker, 2004), is based on respect and fulfilment of human rights, with an emphasis on child rights. In view of the strong need to act on the local level, we may conclude that it is precisely in local communities that the Convention should be implemented, taking into account the specific needs and problems of these communities.…”

Section: Introduction To the Research Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Resilience and the Fulfilment of Child Rights in the Family, School and Community

Tintor¹

2013

CEPSj

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The present paper presents the experience of researching the resilience of the local community and the fulfilment of the rights of the child. The aim of research was to place the assessment of the rights of the child in the function of local community resilience, focusing on one particular group of rights: the right to participate. This concept is defined throughthe view of the local community from the perspective of children, parents and teachers, within the context of the realisation of child rights at the local level, which has a direct influence on the development and upbringing of children. The local community selected for study was the town of Velika Gorica in the Republic of Croatia, and the research included qualitative data collected through interviews in seven focus groups. The study included 13 children, 9 parents and 10 teachers. The results show that the key element of children’s understanding of the concept of child rights is respect and appreciation from adults despite differences in the amount and type of power possessed by children. The understanding of the concept of child rights from the perspective of adults is based on the need for these rights due to children’s dependence, immaturity and need for protection. Discussion about resilience opens up a new dimension for nonprofessional interpretation. The concept of resilience produced ambiguous reactions among children, parents and teachers, being perceived in two ways: as “positive” and “negative”. In all three focus groups, participants agree that there is a connection between child rights and resilience. They explain the connection as clear, logical and conditioned by interaction.

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Offenders of the Future?: Assessing the Risk of Children and Young People Becoming Involved in Criminal or Antisocial Behaviour

Abstract: The views expressed in this report are the author's and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department for Education and Skills.

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Vulnerable young people and substance misuse: expanding on the risk and protection‐focused approach using social psychology

Vulnerable young people and substance misuse: expanding on the risk and protection‐focused approach using social psychology

How does the delivery of multisystemic therapy to adolescents and their families challenge practice in traditional services in the Criminal Justice System?

Community Resilience and the Fulfilment of Child Rights in the Family, School and Community

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