Off-line solid-phase extraction procedure for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from aqueous matrices

Abstract

An off-line solid-phase extraction procedure followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection for the determination of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants in aqueous matrices was described. Diverse aspects determining extraction efficiency such as packing type (disk or cartridge), elution solvents and addition of organic modifiers to the sample were evaluated. Elution with acetonitrile yields the highest recoveries. Rinsing the sample bottle with acetonitrile and combining the rinse with the sample extract avoids the adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the walls of the water containers. The use of isopropanol or methanol 10 % (V/V) was the most appropriate amount for the enrichment of 2-to 6-ring aromatic compounds only on C18 cartridge. The recoveries for all studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are ranged from 71.4 to 95.2 % for a treated water samples of 500 mL. The proposed method gives very low detection limits (subnanograms per liter) and it has been applied to drinking water, surface water and industrial effluent (oil refinery) samples with good results.

Rapid determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water based on magnetite nanoparticles/polypyrrole magnetic solid-phase extraction

“…Several sample pretreatment techniques, such as solid-phase extraction (SPE), [11][12][13] solid-phase microextraction (SPME), [14][15][16][17][18] stir rod sorptive extraction (SRSE), 19 cloud point extraction (CPE), 20,21 pressurized liquid extraction 22,23 and supercritical uid extraction, 23 have been developed for the extraction of PAHs from environmental water samples. Among these methods, SPE is the most widely used technique due to its high enrichment factor and recovery, rapid phase separation and low cost.…”

Magnetic nanoparticles modified with polyfuran for the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons prior to their determination by gas chromatography

“…It is widely used to extract organic pollutants from real samples [1,2]. SPE excels by high recovery, low consumption of organic solvents and ease of operation.…”

Ex situ bioremediation method for the treatment of groundwater contaminated with PAHs

“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one class of important environmental pollutants which are of concern because some of them are carcinogenic and mutagenic (e.g. Menzie and Potokib 1992;Limam and Driss 2013). PAHs are widely present in the environment and can be formed during the burning of coal, gas, wood, tobacco and other organic substances.…”