Off-Label studies on anakinra in dermatology: a review

Tegtmeyer, Kyle; Atassi, Giancarlo; Zhao, Jeffrey; Maloney, Nolan J.; Lio, Peter A.

doi:10.1080/09546634.2020.1755417

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…In fact, in preclinical studies on KD, Anakinra was shown to reduce the development of coronary artery aneurysms and myocarditis (158). Anakinra is FDA approved for children with neonatalonset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID) and adults with rheumatoid arthritis (159). The usual pediatric dose is 1-2 mg/kg/day and can be titrated up to 8 mg/kg/day and given as a subcutaneous injection.…”

Section: Emerging Treatment Protocols Of Mis-c Using Biological Respomentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), a Post-viral Myocarditis and Systemic Vasculitis—A Critical Review of Its Pathogenesis and Treatment

et al. 2020

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MIS-C is a newly defined post-viral myocarditis and inflammatory vasculopathy of children following COVID-19 infection. This review summarizes the literature on diagnosis, parameters of disease severity, and current treatment regimens. The clinical perspective was analyzed in light of potential immunopathogenesis and compared to other post-infectious and inflammatory illnesses of children affecting the heart. In this paradigm, the evidence supports the importance of endothelial injury and activation of the IL-1 pathway as a common determinant among MIS-C, Kawasaki disease, and Acute Rheumatic fever.

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Section: Emerging Treatment Protocols Of Mis-c Using Biological Respomentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), a Post-viral Myocarditis and Systemic Vasculitis—A Critical Review of Its Pathogenesis and Treatment

et al. 2020

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“…Due to the pathogenic role of cytokine signaling in diseases associated with NLRC4 mutations, clinical blockade of these pathways has been pursued as a therapeutic strategy. Anakinra is an IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), and it is United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved to treat certain inflammatory diseases [51]. Studies have shown that the combination of anakinra and rapamycin treatment could benefit patients with NLRC4 mutations [52].…”

Section: Role Of Nlrc4 In Autoinflammatory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Understanding Activation and Function of the NLRC4 Inflammasome

Sundaram

Kanneganti

2021

IJMS

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Innate immune receptors initiate a host immune response, or inflammatory response, upon detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Among the innate immune receptors, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) play a pivotal role in detecting cytosolic PAMPs and DAMPs. Some NLRs can form a multiprotein cytosolic complex known as the inflammasome. Inflammasome activation triggers caspase-1–mediated cleavage of the pore-forming protein gasdermin D (GSDMD), which drives a form of inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis. Parallelly, activated caspase-1 cleaves immature cytokines pro–IL-1β and pro–IL-18 into their active forms, which can be released via GSDMD membrane pores. The NLR family apoptosis inhibitory proteins (NAIP)-NLR family caspase-associated recruitment domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome is important for mounting an immune response against Gram-negative bacteria. NLRC4 is activated through NAIPs sensing type 3 secretion system (T3SS) proteins from Gram-negative bacteria, such as Salmonella Typhimurium. Mutations in NAIPs and NLRC4 are linked to autoinflammatory disorders in humans. In this review, we highlight the role of the NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome in host defense, autoinflammatory diseases, cancer, and cell death. We also discuss evidence pointing to a role of NLRC4 in PANoptosis, which was recently identified as a unique inflammatory programmed cell death pathway with important physiological relevance in a range of diseases. Improved understanding of the NLRC4 inflammasome and its potential roles in PANoptosis paves the way for identifying new therapeutic strategies to target disease.

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“…Dosage of IFX is established at 5 mg/kg body weight on weeks 0, 2, and 6 and thereafter every 8 weeks as an intravenous infusion. However, reports suggest that the dosing regimen for HS requires further refinement, and the North American Clinical HS Management Guidelines recently emphasized the need for dose-ranging studies to optimize management 13 . Along these lines, Ghias et al performed a prospective analysis of 42 patients initiating IFX 7.5 mg/kg every 4 weeks (IFX 7.5) and 16 patients receiving dose escalation to IFX 10 mg/kg every 4 weeks (IFX 10) between March 1, 2018, and February 28, 2019.…”

Section: Infliximab (Ifx)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Present and future trends of biologic therapies and small molecules in hidradenitis suppurativa

Martorell¹,

Jfri²,

Ochando³

et al. 2022

JIMIDS

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Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting areas with a high density of apocrine glands and characterized by subcutaneous nodules that may evolve into fistulas with pus secretion. Progressor and aggressive profiles will require the use of immunomodulatory therapies to fight against their disease outcomes. Various options have been proposed to treat HS. Unfortunately, no therapy has been fully successful. Methods: The aim of this review is to investigate all current knowledge on biologic and small molecule options for HS management. A systematic literature research using the words "biologic, " "small molecule, " "therapy, " and "HS" was performed in PubMed/Medline and Scopus/ Embase databases. A search of the clinicaltrials.gov website for interventional recruiting and completed trials including the term "HS" was also performed up to August 2021. Results: At present, tumor necrosis factor TNF alfa blockers are considered the first therapeutic option based on clinical trials results and real-world evidence. However, new therapeutic options based on alternative pathway blockage, including interleukin (IL)-17, Complement and IL-23, seem to offer future alternatives for this condition. Conclusions: Several future studies and clinical trials are necessary to gain new knowledge about HS and to properly treat this complex condition. At present, IL-17 blockers such as secukinumab and bimekizumab represent the most promising alternative therapies for those patients who do not respond to adalimumab.

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Off-Label studies on anakinra in dermatology: a review

Cited by 15 publications

References 141 publications

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), a Post-viral Myocarditis and Systemic Vasculitis—A Critical Review of Its Pathogenesis and Treatment

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), a Post-viral Myocarditis and Systemic Vasculitis—A Critical Review of Its Pathogenesis and Treatment

Advances in Understanding Activation and Function of the NLRC4 Inflammasome

Present and future trends of biologic therapies and small molecules in hidradenitis suppurativa

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