Off-axis injection into an ICR ion trap: a means for efficient capture of a continuous beam of externally generated ions

Guan, Shenheng; Paša‐Tolić, Ljiljana; Marshall, Alan G.; Xiang, Xinzhen

doi:10.1016/0168-1176(94)90014-0

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…9 The early studies investigated the effects of various external fields and ion-neutral collisions on single particle trajectories. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] The availability of the SIMION program 17 simplified the task of understanding different aspects of single ion motion in cells of arbitrary geometry. This PC-based ion trajectory program is able to show single ion trajectories in different kinds of ICR cells with relatively high accuracy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Realistic modeling of ion cloud motion in a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance cell by use of a particle‐in‐cell approach

Nikolaev

Heeren

Popov

et al. 2007

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Using a 'Particle-In-Cell' approach taken from plasma physics we have developed a new threedimensional (3D) parallel computer code that today yields the highest possible accuracy of ion trajectory calculations in electromagnetic fields. This approach incorporates coulombic ion-ion and ion-image charge interactions into the calculation. The accuracy is achieved through the implementation of an improved algorithm (the so-called Boris algorithm) that mathematically eliminates cyclotron motion in a magnetic field from digital equations for ion motion dynamics. It facilitates the calculation of the cyclotron motion without numerical errors. At every time-step in the simulation the electric potential inside the cell is calculated by direct solution of Poisson's equation. Calculations are performed on a computational grid with up to 128 T 128 T 128 nodes using a fast Fourier transform algorithm. The ion populations in these simulations ranged from 1000 up to 1 000 000 ions. A maximum of 3 000 000 time-steps were employed in the ion trajectory calculations. This corresponds to an experimental detection time-scale of seconds. In addition to the ion trajectories integral time-domain signals and mass spectra were calculated. The phenomena observed include phase locking of particular m/z ions (high-resolution regime) inside larger ion clouds. A focus was placed on behavior of a cloud of ions of a single m/z value to understand the nature of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) resolution and mass accuracy in selected ion mode detection. The behavior of two and three ion clouds of different but close m/z was investigated as well. Peak coalescence effects were observed in both cases. Very complicated ion cloud dynamics in the case of three ion clouds was demonstrated. It was found that magnetic field does not influence phase locking for a cloud of ions of a single m/z. The ion cloud evolution time-scale is inversely proportional to magnetic field. The number of ions needed for peak coalescence depends quadratically on the magnetic field. Copyright # 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.The leading role Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) plays in biological mass spectrometry is directly related to its unsurpassed resolution and mass accuracy combined with the possibility of utilizing all known ionization and fragmentation methods. Further improvement of mass accuracy will be greatly facilitated by a more detailed understanding of the motion of ions during ion introduction into the FTICR cell, excitation of their cyclotron motion, fragmentation and detection of induced signal. Starting from the early days of FTICR-MS the theory of ion motion in the ICR cell was an important research topic in this field. The dynamics of single particles inside the FTICR trap was analyzed by many groups in both the FTICR and physics communities. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The FTICR community has been interested mainly in obtaining a calibration formula, which connects measured frequency with ion mass. 9 The e...

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confidence: 99%

Realistic modeling of ion cloud motion in a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance cell by use of a particle‐in‐cell approach

Nikolaev

Heeren

Popov

et al. 2007

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…This configuration involves ion transfer optics, which bring a feature of beam-instruments to FT-ICR MS and become a source of mass discrimination effects, such as the time-of-flight effect. 44,45 Thus, it is a widely accepted view among the FT-ICR community that the current status of FT-ICR MS has a certain limitation for quantitative applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantitative Capability of Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for a Complex Mixture

Miyabayashi

Naito

Miyake

et al. 2000

Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester)

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Electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) has been evaluated for the quantitation of complex mixtures, by using a crude oil (Taching vacuum residue) and polyethylene glycol (PEG600) as model analytes. The crude oil is an extremely complex mixture consisting of hundreds of organic compounds, which are mostly non-polar hydrocarbons. The crude oil ESI FT-ICR mass spectrum contained approximately five hundred distinguishable peaks accompanied by plenty of isobars. These ionic species were singly charged but not protonated. Although the crude oil response line was saturated at high concentration, the linearly responding range was extended by shortening the duration of the external accumulation which was carried out in the hexapole ion guide. No improvement in the linear response was observed for the exclusively trapped crude oil ions in a narrow m/z range which was trimmed by a correlated sweep ejection event. The crude oil mass distribution pattern shifted toward higher m/z as the analyte concentration became higher. A linear relationship was observed between the analyte concentrations and the average molecular weights, in both the crude oil and PEG600 experiments. The average molecular weights increased on extending the external accumulation time. This phenomenon was attributable to a novel space charge effect taking place for externally accumulated ions. Optimizing the external accumulation period was vital to get a linear response up to a reasonably high concentration region. Basically, complexity and plurality of mixture samples need not significantly affect quantitation by means of ESI FT-ICR MS.

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“…During the past few years, we have successfully developed an ion axialization method 13,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] that allows ions to be brought to the center of the ICR ion trap, independent of ion initial location within the trap. Almost all prior FT-ICR MS performance parameters are improved dramatically by ion axialization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Almost all prior FT-ICR MS performance parameters are improved dramatically by ion axialization. 29 Ion injection techniques are discussed more generally elsewhere. 29 Ion injection techniques are discussed more generally elsewhere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29,37 Once injected off-axis, ion spanning a wide range of mass-to-charge ratio and kinetic energies may thus be trapped, 29 making possible efficient ion transfer from chromatographic sources ͑high-performance liquid chromatography, capillary zone electrophoresis͒ to an ICR ion trap. Alternatively, ions may be cooled by ion-neutral collisions with a ''buffer'' gas in the ion trap, so that ions lose kinetic energy and remain trapped.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A mass- and velocity-broadband ion deflector for off-axis ion injection into a cyclotron resonance ion trap

Guan

Marshall

1996

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Decrease in trapping effects for off-axis electron cyclotron current drive in high performance plasmas AIP Conf.Off-axis ion injection into an FT-ICR ion trap is desirable for capturing ions from a continuously generated beam ͑e.g., electrospray͒. A conventional E؋B ͑Wien͒ filter focuses ions of a single velocity ͑independent of mass͒. Here we show that by segmenting opposed flat electrodes into small sections, the electric field may be tailored to produce well-focused ion trajectories over a wide range of ion velocity and mass-to-charge ratio, m/z. In the limit of infinitely extended deflector electrodes, small m/z, and/or high B, ion trajectories vary as powers or roots of distance.

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Off-axis injection into an ICR ion trap: a means for efficient capture of a continuous beam of externally generated ions

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Realistic modeling of ion cloud motion in a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance cell by use of a particle‐in‐cell approach

Realistic modeling of ion cloud motion in a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance cell by use of a particle‐in‐cell approach

Quantitative Capability of Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for a Complex Mixture

A mass- and velocity-broadband ion deflector for off-axis ion injection into a cyclotron resonance ion trap

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