Of mice and men: COVID‐19 challenges translational neuroscience

Sellner, Johann

doi:10.1111/ene.14278

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Please note that it has yet to be proven that SARS-CoV-2 infects olfactory sensory neurons. Emerging animal models may clarify whether SARS-CoV-2 is similarly neuroinvasive as SARS and whether this isage dependent [ 97 , 98 ]. However, since mice are not naturally susceptible to the clinical and immunopathological manifestations of coronaviruses affecting humans, translational studies of pathogenic mechanisms and vaccine development become complicated.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 Neurologic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Neurological Considerations in Neonates and Children

Stafstrom

Jantzie

2020

Children

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The ongoing worldwide pandemic of the novel human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the ensuing disease, COVID-19, has presented enormous and unprecedented challenges for all medical specialists. However, to date, children, especially neonates, have been relatively spared from the devastating consequences of this infection. Neurologic involvement is being increasingly recognized among adults with COVID-19, who can develop sensory deficits in smell and taste, delirium, encephalopathy, headaches, strokes, and peripheral nervous system disorders. Among neonates and children, COVID-19-associated neurological manifestations have been relatively rare, yet reports involving neurologic dysfunction in this age range are increasing. As discussed in this review, pediatric neurologists and other pediatric specialists should be alert to potential neurological involvement by this virus, which might have neuroinvasive capability and carry long-term neuropsychiatric and medical consequences.

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Section: Sars-cov-2 Neurologic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Neurological Considerations in Neonates and Children

Stafstrom

Jantzie

2020

Children

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“…SARS-CoV-2 infection activates innate and adaptive immune responses. However, both uncontrolled inflammatory innate responses and impaired adaptive immune responses may have deleterious effects, both locally and systemically [49,50]. SARS-CoV-2 attaches to the host cell at the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-2 receptor [51].…”

Section: The Host Immune Response To Sars-cov-2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Sclerosis and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Considerations for Immune-Depleting Therapies

Sellner

2021

Vaccines

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Several concerns have been raised about the use of immunodepleting agents including alemtuzumab, cladribine and CD20-depleting antibodies in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) during the coronavirus disease (COVID) 2019 pandemic. As the end of the pandemic is not yet in sight, vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may be an elegant strategy to overcome the potential hazards associated with initiating and continuing treatment with immune-depleting agents. In this review, we summarize the immunological effects of immune-depleting therapy and underlying considerations for the hitherto existing recommendations that suggest a restricted use of immune-deleting therapies during the pandemic. Moreover, we critically discuss open questions regarding vaccination in general and against SARS-CoV-2 in pwMS.

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“…They range from asymptomatic infection to severe viral pneumonia with respiratory failure and high fatality rates [1]. Importantly, angiotensin converting enzyme-2, the primary receptor utilized by SARS-CoV-2 for cell entry, is not only expressed in the lungs but also in the central nervous system and vascular endothelial cells [2]. There is emerging evidence for neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral venous thrombosis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 infection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Baldini

Asioli

Romoli

et al. 2021

Euro J of Neurology

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133

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Background and purpose Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection predisposes patients to arterial and venous thrombosis. This study aimed to systematically review the available evidence in the literature for cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in association with coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19). Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases to identify cases of COVID‐19–associated CVT. The search period spanned 1 January 2020 to 1 December 2020, and the review protocol (PROSPERO‐CRD42020214327) followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Identified studies were evaluated for bias using the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale. A proportion meta‐analysis was performed to estimate the frequency of CVT among hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. Results We identified 57 cases from 28 reports. Study quality was mostly classified as low. CVT symptoms developed after respiratory disease in 90%, and the mean interval was 13 days. CVT involved multiple sites in 67% of individuals, the deep venous system was affected in 37%, and parenchymal hemorrhage was found in 42%. Predisposing factors for CVT beyond SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were present in 31%. In‐hospital mortality was 40%. Using data from 34,331 patients, the estimated frequency of CVT among patients hospitalized for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was 0.08% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01–0.5). In an inpatient setting, CVT accounted for 4.2% of cerebrovascular disorders in individuals with COVID‐19 (cohort of 406 patients, 95% CI: 1.47–11.39). Conclusions Cerebral venous thrombosis in the context of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is a rare, although there seems to be an increased relative risk. High suspicion is necessary, because the diagnosis of this potentially life‐threatening condition in COVID‐19 patients can be challenging. Evidence is still scarce on the pathophysiology and potential prevention of COVID‐19–associated CVT.

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Of mice and men: COVID‐19 challenges translational neuroscience

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

COVID-19: Neurological Considerations in Neonates and Children

COVID-19: Neurological Considerations in Neonates and Children

Multiple Sclerosis and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Considerations for Immune-Depleting Therapies

Cerebral venous thrombosis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 infection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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