Of dogs and hookworms: man’s best friend and his parasites as a model for translational biomedical research

Shepherd, Catherine; Wangchuk, Phurpa; Loukas, Alex

doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2621-2

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 203 publications

(240 reference statements)

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“…The phylogenetic analysis strongly attests to the preferred use of A. caninum for studying hookworm molecular biology and ES products in general [74]. This finding is reinforced by the Circos plot of SCP/TAPS (Fig 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Comprehensive analysis of the secreted proteome of adult Necator americanus hookworms

et al. 2020

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The human hookworm Necator americanus infects more than 400 million people worldwide, contributing substantially to the poverty in these regions. Adult stage N. americanus live in the small intestine of the human host where they inject excretory/secretory (ES) products into the mucosa. ES products have been characterized at the proteome level for a number of animal hookworm species, but until now, the difficulty in obtaining sufficient live N. americanus has been an obstacle in characterizing the secretome of this important human pathogen. Herein we describe the ES proteome of N. americanus and utilize this information along with RNA Seq data to conduct the first proteogenomic analysis of a parasitic helminth, significantly improving the available genome and thereby generating a robust description of the parasite secretome. The genome annotation resulted in a revised prediction of 3,425 fewer genes than initially reported, accompanied by a significant increase in the number of exons and introns, total gene length and the percentage of the genome covered by genes. Almost 200 ES proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS with SCP/TAPS proteins, 'hypothetical' proteins and proteases among the most abundant families. These proteins were compared to commonly used model species of human parasitic infections, including Ancylostoma caninum, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Heligmosomoides polygyrus. SCP/ TAPS proteins are immunogenic in nematode infections, so we expressed four of those identified in this study in recombinant form and showed that they are all recognized to varying degrees by serum antibodies from hookworm-infected subjects from a disease-endemic area of Brazil. Our findings provide valuable information on important families of proteins a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Comprehensive analysis of the secreted proteome of adult Necator americanus hookworms

et al. 2020

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“…Humans and canines have shared the same evolutionary factors for many centuries, so the domestication of dogs led to the sharing of microbiota, pathogens and even similar eating habits 47 . This may have consequences on parasite transmission and reservoirs, such as Strongyloides, Toxocara, tapeworms and hookworms that can be passed mutually from dogs and humans 48 . Considering that population genetic studies denote a very high phylogenetic proximity between A. caninum, N. americanus and A. duodenale 49 , it seems reasonable that evolutionarily A. caninum has acquired the possibility of becoming sexually mature adult in human intestines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Egg genotyping reveals the possibility of patent Ancylostoma caninum infection in human intestine

Furtado

Dias

Rodrigues

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Hookworms are intestinal parasites that cause major public health problems, especially in developing countries. To differentiate eggs from different hookworm species, it is necessary to use molecular methodologies, since the eggs are morphologically similar. Here, we performed the molecular identification of single hookworm eggs from six Brazilian states. Of the 634 eggs individually analyzed, 98.1% (622/634) represented Necator americanus, and surprisingly, 1.9% (12/634 eggs from the same patient) represented Ancylostoma caninum. DnA analysis of the A. caninum-positive stool sample revealed no contamination with animal feces. This is the first report of the presence of A. caninum eggs in human feces, which may have a direct implication for the epidemiology of hookworm infection caused by this species. This suggests the need for special attention regarding prophylaxis, as different reservoirs, previously not described, may have great relevance for the spread of A. caninum.

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“…The zoonotic importance of A. caninum , a historical association of humans, dogs and hookworms, resides in that its larvae survive in the environment for several months (Shepherd et al 2018 ). Adult dogs can become infected with environmental larvae or when hypobiotic stages are re-activated by drivers of stress (Bowman et al 2004 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological survey on intestinal helminths of stray dogs in Guimarães, Portugal

Silva

Gonçalves

et al. 2020

J Parasit Dis

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The new legislative framework on Animal Welfare brought increased responsibilities to municipal shelters, in particular in the collection of stray dogs, their sterilization and future adoption. These centers quickly became overcrowded, leading to high parasitism environmental contamination, to the easy spread of parasitic infections and to increased risks to public health. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was evaluated by examination of dog faecal sample, in the municipal control animal centre of Guimarães (north Portugal), identifying risk factors and transmission to man. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths was 57.2% (95% confidence interval 41.3-71.9%) and observed helminths of the gastrointestinal tract were recorded: Ancylostoma caninum (33%), Toxocara canis (29%), Dipylidium caninum (6%), Capillaria spp. (3%), Trichuris vulpis (1.66%). It is important to point out that young dogs were significantly infected more frequently (p B 0.1) than non-sterilized females and the higher occurrence of nematode infection occurred at the new arrival of stray dogs, in the third collection. With impact on public health, the higher prevalence (p B 0.1) of T. canis in young dogs suggests the existence of real risk for human infection and demonstrate the necessity for a parasite control programme reinforcement at the municipal dog shelter.

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Of dogs and hookworms: man’s best friend and his parasites as a model for translational biomedical research

Cited by 29 publications

References 203 publications

Comprehensive analysis of the secreted proteome of adult Necator americanus hookworms

Comprehensive analysis of the secreted proteome of adult Necator americanus hookworms

Egg genotyping reveals the possibility of patent Ancylostoma caninum infection in human intestine

Epidemiological survey on intestinal helminths of stray dogs in Guimarães, Portugal

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