Oestrogen as Depressor of Noradrenaline Concentration in the Anterior Hypothalamus

Donoso, Alfredo O.; Cukier, J

doi:10.1038/218969a0

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Ovariectomy increases NE while reducing dopamine (DA) levels in the rat hypothalamus, which is reversed with simultaneous injection of estrogen and progesterone (12). Increased levels of estrogen presumably resulting from neonatal androgen sterilization also appear to lower hypothalamic NE (13). In contrast to these observations our data demonstrate that estrogen 16- increases the activity of TH in ovariectomized rats which would be expected to in-> crease DA and/or NE formation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Influence of Ovariectomy and Ovarian Steroids on Hypothalamic Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity in the Rat13

1972

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Ovariectomy in the rat increases brain norepinephrine synthesis and turnover. The present study investigated the effect of ovariectomy and subsequent replacement of ovarian steroids on tyrosine hydroxylase activity (TH), which is purported to be the rate-limiting step in catecholamine (CA) synthesis. Animals were ovariectomized and tyrosine and tyrosine hydroxylase activity assayed 2, 4, 26 and 60 days postoperatively. Estrogen (1.5 M*g/rat) or vehicle was injected for one week beginning on day 21. Progesterone (0.5 mg or 2 mg) or vehicle was administered at 1000 hours on day 26 and the animals sacrificed 3 or 6 hours later. Ovariectomy caused a 2-3 fold increase in T H having an onset of 4 days and a duration of at least 60 days. Daily injection of estrogen for 1 week caused a 30% increase in TH. TH was significantly reduced 6 hours after injection of 0.S mg progesterone in estrogen-treated ovariectomized controls. After injection of 2 mg progesterone, TH of ovariectomized and ovariectomized estrogen-treated rats was unchanged after 3 hours, but significantly decreased at 6 hours. Thus, CA synthesis in the rat hypothalamus may be altered by ovarian steroids, with progesterone having an inhibitory effect and estrogen a stimulatory effect. The inhibitory effect of progesterone on T H was facilitated by the presence of small amounts of estrogen. (Endocrinology 9 1 : 276, 1972) M ONOAMINERGIC participation in the control of ovulation and gonadal function has been documented (1). Recent investigations suggest that hypothalamic norepinephrine (NE) synthesis and turnover are accelerated after ovariectomy (2,3), but not hypophysectomy (4), suggesting that gonadal steroids may influence catecholamine (CA) synthesis in the brain. Simultaneous replacement of estrogen and progesterone to ovariectomized rats decreases the formation of 3 H-norepinephrine from 3 H-tyrosine (2, 3).These observations prompted an investigation of the effects of ovariectomy and ovarian steroid replacement on rat hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase activity (TH) as a possible mechanism for gonadal steroid influence on NE synthesis. If ovariectomy increases NE synthesis, then the activity of

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Influence of Ovariectomy and Ovarian Steroids on Hypothalamic Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity in the Rat13

1972

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“…As noted by Donoso and Cukier [57] and Meyerson [58•], brain monoamines and ovarian hormones also showed overlapping effects with respect to the regulation of sexual behavior in rats. Reserpine and tetrabenazine, both being monoamine depleters, could be substituted for progesterone for activating sexual behavior in estrogen-primed castrated rats [59].…”

Section: Ovarian Hormone-monoamine Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Historical studies of premenstrual tension up to 30 years ago: Implications for future research

Janowsky

Rausch²,

Davis³

2002

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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The biology and treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome has advanced significantly in the past 30 years. Newer research expands on earlier literature that has been accumulated before 1972. This review selectively considers this earlier literature, because it defines the nature and impact of what was then considered to be premenstrual tension syndrome. The authors consider a set of earlier studies that suggest a role for personality, psychodynamics, and cultural variables in the etiology, impact, and treatment of the cyclic disorders. This review also considers studies of the biology of premenstrual tension that suggest a role for sodium and water fluctuations, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, ovarian hormones, monoamines, and acetylcholine. Current applications and potential research directions based on this information are also discussed.

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“…The dosage of oestrogen in these experiments was high, but it is tempting to speculate that the results may be linked in some way to such findings as the depression of hypothalamic noradrenaline levels by oestrogen (Donoso & Cukier, 1968). The absence of any gross binding by RES tissues suggests that the action of oestrogens on these tissues may be indirect.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Binding of Tritiated Oestradiol by Certain Cells in Autonomic Ganglia in the Mouse

Carr¹,

Williams²

1969

Journal of Endocrinology

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Oestrogens in high doses have been shown to be potent reticuloendothelial stimulants (Nicol, Bilbey, Charles, Cordingley & Vernon-Roberts, 1964). In the course of an investigation into the cellular mechanism of this effect, it seemed relevant to study the distribution throughout the reticuloendothelial system (RES) of tritiated oestrogens administered parenterally. By chance, localization to peripheral autonomic nervous tissue was observed. Since it is known that oestrogens are selectively taken up by certain areas in the CNS, notably the hypothalamus, wherein resides higher autonomic control, and since in these sites oestrogens have a significant effect on behaviour (see Harris, 1965;Michael, 1965;Palka & Sawyer, 1966) it seemed that this chance morphological observation might have functional significance and should therefore be reported.The animals used were white mice (20\p=n-\25g.) from a closed colony kept in the University of Sheffield animal house. [6,7-3H]Oestradiol (Radiochemical Centre, Amersham) was administered s.c. or i.p. in doses of 50\p=n-\200 \g=m\c(oestrogenic dose of 0\m=.\\p=n-\110 \g=m\g.depending on specific activity) to adult animals of either sex. The animals were killed after 15 min., 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 24 hr. and tissues excised, fixed in 4 % formaldehyde neutralized with calcium carbonate and embedded in paraffin wax. Stripping film autoradiographs were prepared using Kodak AR 10 emulsion, exposed for 4-12 weeks, developed in D19b developer, and counterstained with New Méthylène Blue. In addition to 20 normal animals, one pregnant female, two full-term foetuses and two newborn mice were examined. As a test for chemical artifacts, autoradiographs were prepared with a layer of formvar between the slide and the emulsion.Slight but detectable radioactivity was present in the liver, spleen, and uterus 1 hr. after administration, but not at later periods. The only highly significant activity present was in nerve ganglia on the posterior abdominal wall. Because these were not identified with the naked eye, their precise topographical relationships are not clear. However, positive ganglia were found near the splenic artery (Plate, figs. 1,2) and alongside the aorta at the level of the kidneys. Positive ganglia were not identified in the paravertebral sympathetic chain; but this structure is very small in the thorax, and was not always identified in the abdomen. These negative findings may therefore not be significant. Prior dipping in 1 % formvar did not prevent the reaction. In the ganglia, activity was present only in large cells which

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Oestrogen as Depressor of Noradrenaline Concentration in the Anterior Hypothalamus

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Influence of Ovariectomy and Ovarian Steroids on Hypothalamic Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity in the Rat13

Influence of Ovariectomy and Ovarian Steroids on Hypothalamic Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity in the Rat13

Historical studies of premenstrual tension up to 30 years ago: Implications for future research

Binding of Tritiated Oestradiol by Certain Cells in Autonomic Ganglia in the Mouse

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