“…The merging of project-based learning and technology or multimedia has been valued as a powerful teaching method (Chen, 2019;Marwan, 2015;Özdamli, 2011;Rahmawati et al, 2020). It can enhance learners' language skills, increase engagement, promote autonomous learning, and enhance learners' technology skills (e.g., Kanoksilapatham, 2021;Melvina et al, 2020;Qisthi & Arifani, 2020;Thomas, 2017;Yimwilai, 2020). Among a number of studies emphasizing the synergy of project-based learning and technology, many highlighted project-based multimedia learning (PBML) as one effective way to enhance students' learning (e.g., Hasic, 2004;Khyzhniak et al, 2021;Simkins et al, 2002).…”