Odour identification in frontotemporal lobar degeneration

Rami, Lorena; Loy, Clement T.; Hailstone, Julia C.; Warren, Jason D.

doi:10.1007/s00415-006-0379-5

Cited by 35 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…On BThe Odor Perception and Semantics Battery, SD patients showed a striking dissociation between normal odor perception and impaired recognition of odors. Similar patterns have also been observed in other studies involving SD patients (patients 1-3 in Piwnica-Worms et al, 2010; patient 2 in Rami et al, 2007). As SD patients were also impaired when performing a picture-naming and a word-topicture-matching task, their pattern has been interpreted within a widespread semantic deficit (Luzzi et al, 2007).…”

Section: Deficits Concerning Eating Behaviorssupporting

confidence: 84%

We are what we eat: How food is represented in our mind/brain

Rumiati

Foroni

2016

Psychon Bull Rev

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Despite the essential role of food in our lives, we have little understanding of the way our knowledge about food is organized in the brain. At birth, human infants exhibit very few food preferences, and do not yet know much about what is edible and what is not. A multisensory learning development will eventually turn young infants into omnivore adults, for whom deciding what to eat becomes an effortful task. Recognizing food constitutes an essential step in this decisional process. In this paper we examine how concepts about food are represented in the human brain. More specifically, we first analyze how brain-damaged patients recognize natural and manufactured food, and then examine these patterns in the light of the sensory-functional hypothesis and the domain-specific hypothesis. Secondly, we discuss how concepts of food are represented depending on whether we embrace the embodied view or the disembodied view. We conclude that research on food recognition and on the organization of knowledge about food must also take into account some aspects specific to food category, the relevance of which has not been sufficiently recognized and investigated to date.

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Section: Deficits Concerning Eating Behaviorssupporting

confidence: 84%

We are what we eat: How food is represented in our mind/brain

Rumiati

Foroni

2016

Psychon Bull Rev

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“…These defects probably reflect the TDP-43 pathology of frontotemporal and insular associative cortical areas [14]. In line with this hypothesis, similar odor association and discrimination findings have already been shown in frontotemporal dementia patients [12,13]. In this respect, Takeda et al [23] recently showed that TDP-43 pathology in ALS is likely to first affect the associative and primary olfactory cortex and only in a second step (and in fewer patients) the olfactory bulb.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…This finding suggests that odor identification deficiency in ALS might represent a specific impairment of the olfactory knowledge linked to a frontotemporal pathology rather than being only attributable to defective olfactory perception (classically associated with olfactory bulb dysfunction) [12]. These defects probably reflect the TDP-43 pathology of frontotemporal and insular associative cortical areas [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We designed three modifications of the standard Sniffing Sticks version, as proposed by Rami et al [12] in FTD. As language impairment could be present in ALS patients, we created a parallel visual version of Sniffin' Sticks in which subjects were required to select the picture corresponding to the target odor from four alternative picture stimuli.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In FTD, olfactory dysfunction has been related to damage in the frontal and insular associative areas [12,13], which are the same regions classically involved in ALS-dementia [14]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Olfactory Function and Its Relation with Behavioral and Cognitive Impairment in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Padovani

Rossi²,

Rinaldi³

et al. 2016

Neurodegener Dis

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Background: Behavioral and cognitive impairment are common in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and represent a continuum with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Olfactory dysfunction has been described in a subset of ALS patients and might be associated with frontotemporal and insular cortex dysfunction. Objective: To evaluate olfaction dysfunction in ALS patients and its relationship with either cognition or behavioral impairment. Methods: 28 consecutive ALS patients underwent an extensive cognitive and behavioral battery and were classified as patients with normal cognition (ALS-N, n = 11) or with part of the ALS-FTD spectrum (n = 17), including either cognitive or behavioral impairment or dementia. Odor verbal and visual identification and discrimination were investigated in patients and age-matched controls using a test adapted from the Sniffin' Sticks. Results: Olfactory function was significantly different between ALS-FTD spectrum patients and controls (p < 0.001) and inversely correlated with behavioral and cognitive performance. The 10-point cutoff distinguished ALS-N from ALS-FTD spectrum patients with a sensitivity and specificity of 71 and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: Hyposmia is common in a subset of ALS patients and strongly associated with behavioral and cognitive impairment. Olfactory testing may represent an early screening tool in order to identify ALS subjects with cognitive/behavioral dysfunction. Further studies in larger series are mandatory in order to better investigate clinical and pathological aspects in this group of patients.

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Neural mechanisms of psychosis vulnerability and perceptual abnormalities in the ALS‐FTD spectrum

Devenney

Caga

et al. 2021

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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Objective The aims of this study were to (i) explore psychotic experiences across the entire amyotrophic lateral sclerosis‐frontotemporal dementia (ALS‐FTD) spectrum from a clinical and genetic perspective, (ii) determine the rate of abnormal perceptual experiences across the five sensory modalities and (iii) explore the neurobiological factors that lead to psychosis vulnerability in ALS‐FTD. Methods In a prospective case‐controlled study design, 100 participants were enrolled including ALS (n = 37, 24% satisfied criteria for ALS‐Plus), ALS‐FTD (n = 11), bvFTD (n = 27) and healthy controls (n = 25). Psychotic experiences, perceptual abnormalities and psychosocial factors were determined by means of the clinical interview and carer and patient reports. Voxel‐based morphometry analyses determined atrophy patterns in patients experiencing psychosis‐like experiences and other perceptual abnormalities. Results The rates of psychotic experiences and abnormalities of perception in each sensory modality were high across the entire ALS‐FTD continuum. The rate was highest in those with C9orf72 expansions. Rates were also high in patients with pure ALS including psychosis measured by carer‐based reports (18%) and self‐report measures of psychotic‐like experiences (21%). In an ENTER regression model, social anxiety and ACE‐III scores were the best predictors of psychosis proneness, accounting for 44% of the score variance. Psychosis‐like experiences and perceptual abnormalities were associated with a predominantly frontal and temporal pattern of atrophy that extended to the cerebellum and centred on the anterior thalamus. Interpretation The model for psychosis proneness in ALS‐FTD likely includes complex interactions between cognitive, social and neurobiological factors that determine vulnerability to psychosis and that may have relevance for individualised patient management.

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Odour identification in frontotemporal lobar degeneration

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

We are what we eat: How food is represented in our mind/brain

We are what we eat: How food is represented in our mind/brain

Exploring Olfactory Function and Its Relation with Behavioral and Cognitive Impairment in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Neural mechanisms of psychosis vulnerability and perceptual abnormalities in the ALS‐FTD spectrum

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