Odour Emissions of Municipal Waste Biogas Plants—Impact of Technological Factors, Air Temperature and Humidity

Wiśniewska, Marta; Kulig, Andrzej; Lelicińska-Serafin, Krystyna

doi:10.3390/app10031093

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…However, the emissions of VOCs and other odorants during some pre-(waste conditioning) and post-treatment operations can be significant [12]. In the case of anaerobic digestion, since only closed reactors are possible, odor emissions come from complementary operations rather than the anaerobic digestion process itself: waste storage, mechanical pretreatment, fermentation preparation, or digestate dewatering [13]. It is evident that odors must be investigated according to the emission source.…”

Section: How To Measure Odorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odors Emitted from Biological Waste and Wastewater Treatment Plants: A Mini-Review

2022

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In recent decades, a new generation of waste treatment plants based on biological treatments (mainly anaerobic digestion and/or composting) has arisen all over the world. These plants have been progressively substituted for incineration facilities and landfills. Although these plants have evident benefits in terms of their environmental impact and higher recovery of material and energy, the release into atmosphere of malodorous compounds and its mitigation is one of the main challenges that these plants face. In this review, the methodology to determine odors, the main causes of having undesirable gaseous emissions, and the characterization of odors are reviewed. Finally, another important topic of odor abatement technologies is treated, especially those related to biological low-impact processes. In conclusion, odor control is the main challenge for a sustainable implementation of modern waste treatment plants.

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Section: How To Measure Odorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odors Emitted from Biological Waste and Wastewater Treatment Plants: A Mini-Review

2022

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“…Technological processes associated with MSW processing are potential sources of odorant emissions, i.e., substances that cause negative olfactory impressions [10][11][12]. When released into the atmosphere, these substances can cause odour nuisance complaints from residents [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odour Load of Selected Elements of the Technological Line at a Municipal Waste Biogas Plant

2022

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Technological processes associated with municipal solid waste (MSW) processing are a potential source of odorant emissions, i.e., substances that cause negative olfactory impressions. When released into the atmosphere, these substances can cause odour nuisance complaints from residents. Many scientists have noted the strong relationship between odorant emission sources and odour concentrations and their significant impact on the living comfort of residents near these sources, as well as their social and economic relations. This paper attempts to estimate the odour load of selected elements of the technological sequence of a biogas plant processing municipal waste. Odour load was characterised by four constituents: odorant emissions, odour emissions, the variability of these emissions, and the emission levels per 1 Mg (1000 kg) of waste. The highest odour emissions accompany the storage of mixed MSW, which is associated with a large amount of waste. Limiting the storage time of waste should be an indispensable part of the technological regime. The dominant odorant associated with mixed MSW storage is NH3 emissions. The greatest variability of odorant and odour emissions concerns gases captured from selectively collected waste plastics and metals, due to the varied forms of selective waste collection in the service area, and their unstable efficiency. High variability of NH3 and odour emissions also accompanies digestate dewatering.

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“…Workplaces in biogas plants are often characterized by their close proximity to the organic matter, high wetness of the material but not necessarily high humidity and moderate temperatures in combination with disintegration and rearrangement of organic matter ( Wisniewska et al , 2020 ). These circumstances favour microbial growth and formation of bioaerosols and hazardous substances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplexed Workplace Measurements in Biogas Plants Reveal Compositional Changes in Aerosol Properties

Pöther

Schneider

Prott

et al. 2021

Annals of Work Exposures and Health

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Anaerobic digestion is an emerging technology producing energy from renewable resources or food waste. Exposure screenings, comprising hazardous substances and biological agents, at different workplaces are necessary for a comprehensive overview of potential hazards in order to assess the risk of employees in biogas plants. In order to analyse these parameters, workplace measurements were conducted in seven full-scale anaerobic digesters. Personal and stationary sampling was performed for inhalable and respirable particles, volatile organic compounds, ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, concentrations of the total cell count, endotoxins, and fungi—down to species level—were determined in comparison to windward air. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes was utilized for the determination of the bacterial composition inside the biogas plants. Measurements of hazardous substances show hardly values reaching the specific occupational exposure limit value, except ammonia. An approximate 5-fold increase in the median of the total cell count, 15-fold in endotoxins, and 4-fold in fungi was monitored in the biogas plants compared with windward air. Specifying the comparison to selected workplaces showed the highest concentrations of these parameters for workplaces related to delivery and cleaning. Strikingly, the fungal composition drastically changed between windward air and burdened workplaces with an increase of Aspergillus species up to 250-fold and Penicillium species up to 400-fold. Sequence analyses of 16S rRNA genes revealed that many workplaces are dominated by the order of Bacillales or Lactobacillales, but many sequences were not assignable to known bacteria. Although significant changes inside the biogas plant compared with windward air were identified, that increase does not suggest stricter occupational safety measures at least when applying German policies. However, exposure to biological agents revealed wide ranges and specific workplace measurements should be conducted for risk assessment.

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Odour Emissions of Municipal Waste Biogas Plants—Impact of Technological Factors, Air Temperature and Humidity

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Odors Emitted from Biological Waste and Wastewater Treatment Plants: A Mini-Review

Odors Emitted from Biological Waste and Wastewater Treatment Plants: A Mini-Review

Odour Load of Selected Elements of the Technological Line at a Municipal Waste Biogas Plant

Multiplexed Workplace Measurements in Biogas Plants Reveal Compositional Changes in Aerosol Properties

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