Odour and flavour thresholds of gasoline additives (MTBE, ETBE and TAME) and their occurrence in Dutch drinking water collection areas

Wezel, Annemarie P. van; Puijker, Leo; Vink, C.; Versteegh, Ans; Voogt, P. de

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.03.073

Cited by 67 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Most literature data for MTBE and ETBE are available for the Rhine catchment area (e.g. refer Van Wezel et al 2009). Unfortunately, MTBE and ETBE are not easily removed during drinking water production.…”

Section: Organic Solvents Mtbe and Etbementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study in the Dutch part of the Rhine found low levels (10-28 ng/l) in drinking water (Morgenstern et al 2003). Although toxicity is probably low (Swartjes et al 2004), they are of concern as low mg/l concentrations can already negatively affect water taste and odor (Fischer et al 2005;RIWA Vereniging van Rivierwaterbedrijven 2008;Van Wezel et al 2009). …”

Section: Organic Solvents Mtbe and Etbementioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging contaminants in surface waters and their relevance for the production of drinking water in Europe

Houtman

2010

Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences

197

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An increasing part of drinking water in Europe is prepared from surface water. At the same time, a growing number of emerging contaminants is being discovered in surface water. This review provides an overview of classes of emerging contaminants nowadays detected in the aquatic environment that are of relevance for drinking water production. These comprise e.g. endocrine disrupting compounds, such as hormones and compounds with hormone-like properties, pharmaceuticals, illicit and non-controlled drugs, sweeteners, personal care products, complexing agents, nanoparticles, perfluorinated compounds, flame retardants, pesticides, and fuel additives. The individual compounds are observed in concentrations that are generally considered too low to cause acute effects. Nevertheless, health effects due to long-term exposure to a mixture of low concentrations of all kinds of emerging contaminants cannot be excluded with current knowledge. Moreover, contamination of drinking water with man-made substances is considered unwanted in principle. The precautionary principle is used to motivate that prevention of emission of emerging contaminants into the environment is the preferred approach to safeguard sustainable drinking water production. In the mean time, extensive monitoring of the sources and development and application of advanced treatment techniques are used to prepare safe drinking water.

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Section: Organic Solvents Mtbe and Etbementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Organic Solvents Mtbe and Etbementioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging contaminants in surface waters and their relevance for the production of drinking water in Europe

Houtman

2010

Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences

197

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“…MTBE replaced lead as fuel oxygenate, and consumption in China is still increasing (Global Industry Analysts 2011). However, due to concerns related to the detection of MTBE in groundwater, lakes, and reservoirs worldwide (Squillace et al 1996;Reuter et al 1998;van Wezel et al 2009), other additives, such as ethanol or tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), are recently favored, especially in the USA. Other VOC detected with low frequency in surface and tap water were vinyl chloride, xylenes, ethylbenzene, and toluene.…”

Section: Vocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of organic trace substances in waters from the Three Gorges Reservoir, China

Wolf

Bergmann

Wilken

et al. 2013

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study deals with the evaluation of water quality of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in order to assess its suitability as a raw water source for drinking water production. Therefore, water samples from (1) surface water, (2) tap water, and (3) wastewater treatment plant effluents were taken randomly by 2011-2012 in the area of the TGR and were analyzed for seven different organic contaminant groups (207 substances in total), applying nine different analytical methods. In the three sampled water sources, typical contaminant patterns were found, i.e., pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in surface water with concentrations of 0.020-3.5 μg/L and 0.004-0.12 μg/L, disinfection by-products in tap water with concentrations of 0.050-79 μg/L, and pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plant effluents with concentrations of 0.020-0.76 μg/L, respectively. The most frequently detected organic compounds in surface water (45 positives out of 57 samples) were the pyridine pesticides clopyralid and picloram. The concentrations might indicate that they are used on a regular basis and in conjunction in the area of the TGR. Three-and four-ring PAH were ubiquitously distributed, while the poorly soluble five-and six-ring members, perfluorinated compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers, were below the detection limit. In general, the detected concentrations in TGR are in the same range or even lower compared to surface waters in western industrialized countries, although contaminant loads can still be high due to a high discharge. With the exception of the two pesticides, clopyralid and picloram, concentrations of the investigated organic pollutants in TGR meet the limits of the Chinese Standards for Drinking Water Quality GB 5749 (Ministry of Health of China and Standardization Administration of China 2006) and the European Union (EU) Council Directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water intended for human consumption (The Council of the European Union 1998), or rather, the EU Directive on environmental quality standards in the field of water policy (The European Parliament and The Council of the European Union 2008). Therefore, the suggested use of surface water from TGR for drinking water purposes is a valid option. Current treatment methods, however, do not seem to be efficient since organic pollutants were detected in significant concentrations in purified tap water.

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“…In contrast, Al-Asheh et al (2004) investigated the impregnation of phillipsite with CaCl 2 and thereby improved its adsorption capacity, while Zhu et al (1995) investigated the adsorption of water by alumina-pillared montmorillonite and several of its ion-exchanged varieties (Al-PILCs) at room temperature. In addition, Janchen et al (2004) investigated the sorption properties of these potential storage materials towards water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The largest single use of ethanol is as a motor fuel and a fuel additive (Wezel et al 2009). In addition, ethanol is used as a feedstock in the preparation of ethyl t-butyl ether (ETBE), an oxygenated antiknock additive for gasoline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cation Exchange on the Performance of Clinoptilolite Mineral in the Ethanol Dewatering Process

Pourreza

Sharifnia

Khatamian

et al. 2011

Adsorption Science & Technology

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This study describes the effect of cation exchange (Ni 2+ and Ca 2+ ) on the adsorption capacity and breakthrough time of a natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) employed in the ethanol dewatering process. The results obtained showed that modification of clinoptilolite (Clin) by cation exchange led to a decrease in the breakthrough time and water adsorption capacity in the order: Ca-Clin > Ni-Clin > Clin. In addition, characterization of the prepared clinoptilolite samples by BET, XRD and SEM techniques showed that no degradation of crystallinity had occurred, although the pore volumes of both cation-exchanged samples had increased as well as the surface area of the Ni-Clin sample.

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Odour and flavour thresholds of gasoline additives (MTBE, ETBE and TAME) and their occurrence in Dutch drinking water collection areas

Abstract: Odour and flavour thresholds of gasoline additives (MTBE, ETBE and TAME) and their occurrence in Dutch drinking water collection areas van Wezel, A.; Puijker, L.; Vink, C.; Versteegh, A.; de Voogt, W.P.

Cited by 67 publications

References 24 publications

Emerging contaminants in surface waters and their relevance for the production of drinking water in Europe

Emerging contaminants in surface waters and their relevance for the production of drinking water in Europe

Occurrence and distribution of organic trace substances in waters from the Three Gorges Reservoir, China

Effect of Cation Exchange on the Performance of Clinoptilolite Mineral in the Ethanol Dewatering Process

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