Odorants activate the human superior temporal sulcus

Kettenmann, Birgit; Jousmäki, Veikko; Portin, K.; Salmelin, Riitta; Kobal, Gerd; Hari, Riitta

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(95)12280-x

Cited by 76 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…2, Table I). These results are in accordance with the results of previous studies examining the processing of painful stimuli, or of mixed olfactory-trigeminal intranasal stimulation [Boyle et al, 2007;Hari et al, 1997;Hummel et al, 2005;Kettenmann et al, 1996;Savic et al, 2002;Yousem et al, 1997].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Activation of olfactory and trigeminal cortical areas following stimulation of the nasal mucosa with low concentrations of S(−)‐nicotine vapor—An fMRI study on chemosensory perception

Albrecht¹,

Kopietz²,

Linn³

et al. 2008

Human Brain Mapping

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Applied to the nasal mucosa in low concentrations, nicotine vapor evokes odorous sensations (mediated by the olfactory system) whereas at higher concentrations nicotine vapor additionally produces burning and stinging sensations in the nose (mediated by the trigeminal system). The objective of this study was to determine whether intranasal stimulation with suprathreshold concentrations of S(-)-nicotine vapor causes brain activation in olfactory cortical areas or if trigeminal cortical areas are also activated. Individual olfactory detection thresholds for S(-)-nicotine were determined in 19 healthy occasional smokers using a computer-controlled air-dilution olfactometer. Functional magnetic resonance images were acquired using a 1.5T MR scanner with applications of nicotine in concentrations at or just above the individual's olfactory detection threshold. Subjects reliably perceived the stimuli as being odorous. Accordingly, activation of brain areas known to be involved in processing of olfactory stimuli was identified. Although most of the subjects never or only rarely observed a burning or painful sensation in the nose, brain areas associated with the processing of painful stimuli were activated in all subjects. This indicates that the olfactory and trigeminal systems are activated during perception of nicotine and it is not possible to completely separate olfactory from trigeminal effects by lowering the concentration of the applied nicotine. In conclusion, even at low concentrations that do not consistently lead to painful sensations, intranasally applied nicotine activates both the olfactory and the trigeminal system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Activation of olfactory and trigeminal cortical areas following stimulation of the nasal mucosa with low concentrations of S(−)‐nicotine vapor—An fMRI study on chemosensory perception

Albrecht¹,

Kopietz²,

Linn³

et al. 2008

Human Brain Mapping

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“…So far, however, MEG has mainly been used to study olfactory evoked fields rather than induced activities. Olfactory evoked magnetic fields have been found bilaterally in the anterior-central parts of the insula, the parainsular cortex, the superior temporal sulcus [Kettenmann et al, 1996[Kettenmann et al, , 1997, and near the orbitofrontal sulcus [Tonoike et al, 1998]. A recent MEG study using frequency analysis combined with a beamforming technique reported olfactory event-related desynchronization in the beta and gamma band, in the right precentral gyrus, frontal gyri, and the superior parietal lobe gyrus [Miyanari et al, 2006].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Advanced time‐series analysis of MEG data as a method to explore olfactory function in healthy controls and Parkinson's disease patients

Boesveldt

Stam

Knol

et al. 2009

Human Brain Mapping

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“…Many studies have elucidated the mechanisms for the effects of odor on brain function in humans. Recently, neuroimaging studies by functional MRI, positron emission tomography, and magnetoencephalography have revealed that the orbitofrontal, pyriform, and the superior temporal cortices processed olfactory information [3][4][5][6][7][8] . Electrophysiological studies have shown that various odors affected spontaneous brain activities and cognitive functions, which were estimated as electroencephalograms (EEGs) and event-related potentials (ERPs) such as the contingent negative variation (CNV) and P300 [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Incense on Brain Function: Evaluation Using Electroencephalograms and Event-Related Potentials

Iijima

Osawa²,

Nishitani³

et al. 2009

Neuropsychobiology

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To evaluate the effect of the odor of incense on brain activity, electroencephalograms (EEGs) and event-related potentials (ERPs) in a push/wait paradigm were recorded in 10 healthy adults (aged 23–39 years) with normal olfactory function. EEG was recorded from 21 electrodes on the scalp, according to the International 10-20 system, and EEG power spectra were calculated by fast Fourier transform for 3 min before and during odor presentation. ERPs were recorded from 15 electrodes on the scalp before, during and after exposure to incense with intervals of 10 min. In a push/wait paradigm, two Japanese words, ‘push’ as the go stimulus and ‘wait’ as the no-go stimulus, appeared randomly on a CRT screen with equal probability. The subjects were instructed to push a button whenever the ‘push’ signal appeared. Fast alpha activity (10–13 Hz) increased significantly in bilateral posterior regions during incense exposure compared to that during rose oil exposure. The peak amplitudes of no-go P3 at Fz and Cz were significantly greater during incense inhalation. The latencies of go P3 and no-go P3, and the amplitude and latencies of no-go N2 did not change by exposure to the odors of both incense, rose and odorless air. These results suggest that the odor of incense may enhance cortical activities and the function of inhibitory processing of motor response.

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Odorants activate the human superior temporal sulcus

Cited by 76 publications

References 9 publications

Activation of olfactory and trigeminal cortical areas following stimulation of the nasal mucosa with low concentrations of S(−)‐nicotine vapor—An fMRI study on chemosensory perception

Activation of olfactory and trigeminal cortical areas following stimulation of the nasal mucosa with low concentrations of S(−)‐nicotine vapor—An fMRI study on chemosensory perception

Advanced time‐series analysis of MEG data as a method to explore olfactory function in healthy controls and Parkinson's disease patients

Effects of Incense on Brain Function: Evaluation Using Electroencephalograms and Event-Related Potentials

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