Odorant receptors from Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti sensitive to floral compounds

Zeng, Fangfang; Xu, Pingxi; Leal, Walter Soares

doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103213

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Our results showed that certain terpene volatiles, like lilac aldehyde, were important in the discrimination of the P. obtusata scent, and at low concentrations, this volatile was important for attracting diverse mosquito species. In other mosquitoes, oxygenated terpene compounds that are derivatives of linalool, like lilac aldehyde and linalool oxide, were shown to elicit attraction to nectar sources (12,34,35). The qualitative similarities in the scent profiles of attractive nectar sources, and the attractiveness of the P. obtusata scent across mosquito species, raises the question of whether flower scents may be activating conserved olfactory channels, such as homologous odorant receptors (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other mosquitoes, oxygenated terpene compounds that are derivatives of linalool, like lilac aldehyde and linalool oxide, were shown to elicit attraction to nectar sources (12,34,35). The qualitative similarities in the scent profiles of attractive nectar sources, and the attractiveness of the P. obtusata scent across mosquito species, raises the question of whether flower scents may be activating conserved olfactory channels, such as homologous odorant receptors (34). Our results will hopefully motivate research to identify the odorant receptors that are responsive to floral compounds, and their projections to the AL, such as the LC2 and AM2 glomeruli (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The olfactory basis of orchid pollination by mosquitoes

Lahondère

Vinauger

Okubo

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

116

102

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Mosquitoes are important vectors of disease and require sources of carbohydrates for reproduction and survival. Unlike host-related behaviors of mosquitoes, comparatively less is understood about the mechanisms involved in nectar-feeding decisions, or how this sensory information is processed in the mosquito brain. Here we show that Aedes spp. mosquitoes, including Aedes aegypti, are effective pollinators of the Platanthera obtusata orchid, and demonstrate this mutualism is mediated by the orchid's scent and the balance of excitation and inhibition in the mosquito's antennal lobe (AL). The P. obtusata orchid emits an attractive, nonanal-rich scent, whereas related Platanthera species-not visited by mosquitoesemit scents dominated by lilac aldehyde. Calcium imaging experiments in the mosquito AL revealed that nonanal and lilac aldehyde each respectively activate the LC2 and AM2 glomerulus, and remarkably, the AM2 glomerulus is also sensitive to N,N-diethylmeta-toluamide (DEET), a mosquito repellent. Lateral inhibition between these 2 glomeruli reflects the level of attraction to the orchid scents. Whereas the enriched nonanal scent of P. obtusata activates the LC2 and suppresses AM2, the high level of lilac aldehyde in the other orchid scents inverts this pattern of glomerular activity, and behavioral attraction is lost. These results demonstrate the ecological importance of mosquitoes beyond operating as disease vectors and open the door toward understanding the neural basis of mosquito nectar-seeking behaviors.Platanthera | mosquitoes | Aedes aegypti | olfaction | nectar M osquitoes are important vectors of disease, such as dengue, malaria, or Zika, and are considered one of the deadliest animal on earth (1); for this reason, research has largely focused on mosquito-host interactions, and in particular, the mosquito's sensory responses to those hosts (2-5). Nectar feeding is one such aspect of mosquito sensory biology that has received comparatively less attention, despite being an excellent system in which to probe the neural bases of behavior (6). For instance, nectar and sugar feeding is critically important for both male and female mosquitoes, serving to increase their lifespan, survival rate, and reproduction, and for males, it is required for survival (6, 7).Mosquitoes are attracted to, and feed on, a variety of plant nectar sources, including those from flowers (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Although most examples of mosquito-plant interactions have shown that mosquitoes contribute little in reproductive services to the plant (13), there are examples of mosquitoes being potential pollinators (9, 10, 14-17). However, few studies have identified the floral cues that serve to attract and mediate these decisions by the mosquitoes and how these behaviors influence pollination.The association between the Platanthera obtusata orchid and Aedes mosquitoes is one of the few examples that shows mosquitoes as effective pollinators (14-17) and thus provides investigators a unique opportunity to identify the sensory mechanisms th...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The olfactory basis of orchid pollination by mosquitoes

Lahondère

Vinauger

Okubo

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

116

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It has been shown that mosquitoes, particularly nocturnal species, make use of the volatiles released by flowering plants (Lahondère et al 2019;Wondwosen et al 2017Wondwosen et al , 2018Yu et al 2017) to locate their nectar host plants (Foster and Hancock 1994;Nyasembe and Torto 2014). Zeng et al (2019) have identified odorant receptors (ORs) from Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti which are sensitive to floral compounds. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that various mosquito species, including An.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural and Electrophysiological Responses of Female Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes to Volatiles from a Mango Bait

et al. 2020

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Attractive Toxic Sugar Baits (ATSB) are used in a "lure-and-kill" approach for management of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, but the active chemicals were previously unknown. Here we collected volatiles from a mango, Mangifera indica, juice bait which is used in ATSBs in Tanzania and tested mosquito responses. In a Y-tube olfactometer, female mosquitoes were attracted to the mango volatiles collected 24-48 h, 48-72 h and 72-96 h after preparing the bait but volatiles collected at 96-120 h were no longer attractive. Volatile analysis revealed emission of 23 compounds in different chemical classes including alcohols, aldehydes, alkanes, benzenoids, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and oxygenated terpenes. Coupled GC-electroantennogram (GC-EAG) recordings from the antennae of An. gambiae showed robust responses to 4 compounds: humulene, (E)-caryophyllene, terpinolene and myrcene. In olfactometer bioassays, mosquitoes were attracted to humulene and terpinolene. (E)-caryophyllene was marginally attractive while myrcene elicited an avoidance response with female mosquitoes. A blend of humulene, (E)caryophyllene and terpinolene was highly attractive to females (P < 0.001) when tested against a solvent blank. Furthermore, there was no preference when this synthetic blend was offered as a choice against the natural sample. Our study has identified the key compounds from mango juice baits that attract An. gambiae and this information may help to improve the ATSBs currently used against malaria vectors.

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“…Some mosquito olfactory receptors can detect more than one ligand. The Culex quinquefasciatus CquiOR4 responds to 2-phenyl ethanol, phenethyl formate, and phenethyl propionate [71]. Olfactory receptor neurons responsive to other plant volatiles such as α-pinene and α-thujone have been identified on Ae.…”

Section: Trends In Parasitologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rhodopsins are differentially expressed in mosquitoes depending on light changes, suggesting that vision is regulated to enhance foraging behavior at different times of the light-dark cycle depending on the species [81]. Some ORs can detect multiple compounds, while some compounds can be detected by multiple ORs [69][70][71]73,76]. ORs are color-coded based on the species in which they are expressed (An.…”

Section: Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not Just from Blood: Mosquito Nutrient Acquisition from Nectar Sources

Barredo

DeGennaro

2020

Trends in Parasitology

116

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Anthropophilic female mosquitoes are well known for their strong attraction to human hosts, but plant nectar is a common energy source in their diets. When sugar sources are scarce, female mosquitoes of some species can compensate by taking larger and more frequent blood meals. Male mosquitoes are exclusively dependent on plant nectar or alternative sugar sources. Plant preference is likely driven by an innate attraction that may be enhanced by experience, as mosquitoes learn to recognize available sugar rewards. Nectar-seeking involves the integration of at least three sensory systems: olfaction, vision and taste. The prevention of vector-borne illnesses, the determination of the mosquitoes' ecological role, and the design of efficient sugar-baited traps will all benefit from understanding the molecular basis of nectar-seeking. Plant Nectar Is a Common Nutrition Source across Mosquito SpeciesNectar-feeding constitutes an important source of nutrition for adult mosquitoes of both sexes, particularly males, which feed exclusively from plant nectar and require frequent sugar intake for survival [1,2]. This behavior is often underappreciated when compared with blood-feeding because it is during the latter that transmission of pathogens can occur. A few mosquito genera feed solely from plant sources [3], while in hematophagous (see Glossary) species, females consume sugar sources as well as blood. If deprived of sugar, males typically die within 4 days of eclosion [4]. Moreover, lacking the energy reserves needed for flying and copulation that come from a sugar meal, males are unlikely to achieve reproductive success [1]. Although females are less susceptible to rapid mortality caused by sugar deprivation, their survival rate and fecundity can be compromised by reduced energy reserves [1,4]. The sensory cues that enable nectar-feeding include odors [1,2], tastants [5], and visual stimuli [6,7], but the molecular mechanisms of how these cues are perceived, as well as their relative contribution to the detection of a nectar source, are poorly understood (Figure 1). This review highlights the role of sugar feeding in the life cycle of mosquitoes, the plant sources they prefer, the volatiles that attract them, and the contribution of vision, olfaction, and gustation to this behavior.

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Odorant receptors from Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti sensitive to floral compounds

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

The olfactory basis of orchid pollination by mosquitoes

The olfactory basis of orchid pollination by mosquitoes

Behavioural and Electrophysiological Responses of Female Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes to Volatiles from a Mango Bait

Not Just from Blood: Mosquito Nutrient Acquisition from Nectar Sources

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