Odor and Odorous Compound Emissions from Manure of Swine Fed Standard and Dried Distillers Grains with Soluble Supplemented Diets

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the impact of diets containing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on emissions of odor and odorous compounds from swine manure storage. Twenty-four pigs were fed either a corn-soybean meal (CSBM) diet or a diet containing 35% DDGS over a 42-d feeding trial. Their waste was collected and transferred to individual manure storage containers. Manure from pigs fed diets containing DDGS had significantly lower odorant emissions expressed in animal units for hydrogen sulfide (HS) and ammonia (NH) ( < 0.05) compared with pigs fed the CSBM diet, but emissions of volatile fatty acids and phenolic compounds were significantly higher ( < 0.05) for manures from animals fed the DDGS diet. There was no significant difference for indole compound emissions due to the dietary treatment applied. Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from manure accounted for less than 0.1% of carbon consumed for either diet. There were no significant differences in odor emissions for either diet as quantified with human panels or measured as the sum total of the odor activity value. Manure odors from pigs fed the CSBM diet were dominated by HS, whereas animals fed the diet containing DDGS were dominated by VOCs.

Dietary composition and particle size effects on swine manure characteristics and gas emissions

“…However, diet composition did not affect H 2 S, VSCs, or indole emissions such that total VOC emissions were not affected by the type of diet fed to the pigs. These dietary effects were similar to that reported by others (Kerr et al., 2018; Trabue & Kerr, 2014; Trabue et al., 2016b), who reported addition of DDGS decreased manure NH 3 emissions, whereas VFAs, phenol, and indole emissions were increased and H 2 S and total VOC emissions were variable. A finer feed particle size resulted in higher emissions of NH 3 but decreased VFA and total VOC emissions (Table 5).…”

“…Increasing dietary fiber through the addition of DDGS or SH resulted in an increase in manure total VFAs. This increase in total VFAs was expected because other studies have shown that adding SH (Kerr et al., 2006) or DDGS (Kerr et al., 2018; Trabue et al., 2016b) increases manure total VFA concentrations. The effects of increasing dietary fiber on total phenolic and indole concentrations in the manure were significant but difficult to interpret.…”

“…It is well known that manure composition, properties, and microbial ecology can be affected by diet composition (Canh et al., 1998a, 1998b, 1998c; Kerr et al., 2006, 2018; Le et al., 2005; Mroz et al., 2000; Panetta et al., 2006; Trabue & Kerr, 2014; Trabue, Kerr, & Scoggin, 2016b; Van Weelden et al., 2016a; Ziemer et al., 2009b). Increasing dietary fiber in swine diets is generally thought to lower manure pH and NH 4 –N concentrations (Kerr et al., 2006, 2018; Trabue & Kerr, 2014; Van Weelden et al., 2016b), but this has not been a consistent observation (Van Weelden et al., 2016b).…”

“…Furthermore, Trabue et al. (2016b) reported that adding DDGS to the diet had variable effects on phenols and indoles, depending on which specific compound was evaluated. Lastly, Kerr et al.…”

Swine manure dilution with lagoon effluent impact on odor reduction and manure digestion

“…In brief, sorbent tubes were placed at the exhaust outlet of each bioreactor, and headspace gas was collected for approximately 20 min at 10 ml min −1 (total volume of 200 ml). Odor strength of each compound was determined by OAV (Parker et al, 2012;Trabue et al, 2016). Although OAV does not account for accurate hedonic tone of many odorous compounds in the air, it can be inferred as a rough estimation of relative concentrations of each odorous compound or class of compounds (Hwang et al, 2018).…”