Odnos in znanje medicinskih sester ter ovire pri implementaciji na dokazih temelječe prakse

Abstract

Uvod: Na dokazih temelječa praksa velja za zlati standard obravnave pacientov. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti odnos, znanje in ovire pri implementaciji na dokazih temelječe prakse v zdravstveni negi.Metode: Uporabljen je bil sistematični pregled znanstvene in strokovne literature. V pregled so bile vključene naslednje baze: CINAHL Plus, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, SpringerLink, WILEY in PubMed. Omejitvena kriterija iskanja sta bila objava članka med letoma 2008 in 2017 ter dostopnost celotnega besedila člankov v angleščini. Ključne besede iskanja: nurse, evidence based practice, implementation barriers. V končni pregled je bilo vključenih 37 člankov. Ocena kakovosti dokazov je prikazana v hierarhiji dokazov. Podatki so bili obdelani s tematsko kvalitativno analizo.Rezultati: Identificiranih je 73 kod, ki so združene v 7 vsebinskih kategorij: (1) dejavniki, ki vplivajo na negativen odnos medicinskih sester do na dokazih temelječe prakse, (2) dejavniki, ki vplivajo na pozitiven odnos medicinskih sester do na dokazih temelječe prakse, (3) znanje raziskovanja medicinskih sester za uporabo znanstvenih dokazov v kliničnem okolju, (4) znanje uporabe informacijske tehnologije za iskanje dokazov, (5) vpliv mentorstva in kompetenc za implementacijo na dokazih temelječe prakse v klinično okolje, (6) ovire organizacije za implementacijo na dokazih temelječe prakse v klinično okolje in (7) ovire medicinskih sester za implementacijo na dokazih temelječe prakse v klinično okolje.Diskusija in zaključek: Raziskava pokaže pozitiven kot tudi negativen odnos medicinskih sester do na dokazih temelječe prakse. Osredotoča se na pomanjkanja znanja in ovire, s katerimi se srečujejo medicinske sestre pri implementaciji na dokazih temelječe prakse v klinično okolje.

Slovenian nurses’ research utilization competence and received support from nurse managers

“…The CompRU instrument included 63 items within three sections: Nurses' attitudes to RU (16 items) and RU skills (16 items) were measured using a five-point Likert scale, while nurses' RU knowledge was assessed by a knowledge test (31 items), scored by allocating one point for each correct answer. The results were classified in four grade categories: excellent (26-31 points), good (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), satisfactory (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) and weak (0-10). The instrument also included eight demographic variables and three items to measure received support from nurse managers related to RU with a five-point Likert scale.…”

“…Nurse managers can support nurses' successful implementation of evidence-based innovation by enabling collaboration and academic partnership between nurse researchers, teachers and nurse clinicians in clinical practice, which includes shared training and bringing research skills to nursing intervention development projects [13,14]. However, a lack of support by nurse managers has also been found [15].…”

“…The attitudes of nurses towards RU are mainly positive [9,15,16]. If nurses have positive attitudes and strong beliefs about the importance of EBP and RU, they are more likely to commit and implement research into patient care [2,12].…”

“…Nurses' RU knowledge and skills range between low and moderate [9,13]. The deficiencies in RU are related to the formulation of questions according to clinical problems, and the acquisition, reading and assessment of research knowledge [9,15,17].…”

Pregled publiciranja izbranih bibliografskih enot visokošolskih učiteljev strokovnih predmetov zdravstvene nege

“…Pomanjkanje raziskovalnega znanja medicinskih sester pri nas predstavlja ključno oviro pri implementaciji z dokazi podprtega znanja v zdravstveno nego v kliničnih okoljih (Bole & Skela-Savič, 2018). Poe in White (2010) pravita, da je izvajalce zdravstvene nege treba usposobiti do te mere, da z dokazi podprto znanje »zacveti« (ang.…”