Oculomotor Prediction: A Window into the Psychotic Mind

Thakkar, Katharine N.; Diwadkar, Vaibhav A.; Rolfs, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.tics.2017.02.001

Cited by 55 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Similar misperceptions and perceptual estimation errors have been reported in patients with schizophrenia across oculomotor tasks, and have been attributed to CD failure . In the pursuit system, patients showed deficits in a task that involved predictive judgments about object motion trajectories during pursuit versus fixation .…”

Section: Failure Of Sensory Predictionssupporting

confidence: 68%

“…We will highlight experimental paradigms illustrating both the function and potential failure in sensory predictive mechanisms, central tenets of sense of agency. There are recent reviews covering aspects of CD failures, but these focus on individual sensory domains and are largely specific to symptoms of schizophrenia . Our review synthesizes evidence of CD function and failure collected across sensory modalities and attempts to generalize to other disorders involving prediction failure.…”

Section: The Function and Failure Of Sensory Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The function and failure of sensory predictions

Bansal

Ford

Spering

2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Humans and other primates are equipped with neural mechanisms that allow them to automatically make predictions about future events, facilitating processing of expected sensations and actions. Prediction-driven control and monitoring of perceptual and motor acts are vital to normal cognitive functioning. This review provides an overview of corollary discharge mechanisms involved in predictions across sensory modalities and discusses consequences of predictive coding for cognition and behavior. Converging evidence now links impairments in corollary discharge mechanisms to neuropsychiatric symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. We review studies supporting a prediction-failure hypothesis of perceptual and cognitive disturbances. We also outline neural correlates underlying prediction function and failure, highlighting similarities across the visual, auditory, and somatosensory systems. In linking basic psychophysical and psychophysiological evidence of visual, auditory, and somatosensory prediction failures to neuropsychiatric symptoms, our review furthers our understanding of disease mechanisms.

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Section: Failure Of Sensory Predictionssupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: The Function and Failure Of Sensory Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The function and failure of sensory predictions

Bansal

Ford

Spering

2018

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…These motivations are not isolated. There is a vivid history of studying the oculomotor system in the context of schizophrenia and psychosis, in part because of the ready translational framework, and because motor control (or lack thereof) within the eye movement system can provide fundamental insights into the bases of psychosis (20). Thus, a framework involving motor dysfunction measured by neuroimaging of both neurotransmitter systems and brain activity may reconcile and delineate nonhomogeneous findings and help in categorizing endophenotypes of the disease.…”

Section: Implications and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way motor function is a foundation for higher-level cognitive function. Indeed, impairments in extended domains of the motor system, including oculomotor deficits, have been directly linked to the core pathophysiology of psychosis itself (20). The motor system itself, provides a tractable framework for studying brain networks, as the simplest of tasks evoke sophisticated interactions between regions such as the anterior cingulate, supplementary motor area and primary motor cortex (21-23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor system dysfunction in the schizophrenia diathesis: Neural systems to neurotransmitters

Abboud

Noronha

Diwadkar³

2017

Eur. psychiatr.

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Motor control is a ubiquitous aspect of human function, and from its earliest origins, abnormal motor control has been proposed as being central to schizophrenia. The neurobiological architecture of the motor system is well understood in primates and involves cortical and sub-cortical components including the primary motor cortex, supplementary motor area, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, the prefrontal cortex, the basal ganglia, and cerebellum. Notably all of these regions are associated in some manner to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. At the molecular scale, both dopamine and γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) abnormalities have been associated with working memory dysfunction, but particularly relating to the basal ganglia and the prefrontal cortex respectively. As evidence from multiple scales (behavioral, regional and molecular) converges, here we provide a synthesis of the bio-behavioral relevance of motor dysfunction in schizophrenia, and its consistency across scales. We believe that the selective compendium we provide can supplement calls arguing for renewed interest in studying the motor system in schizophrenia. We believe that in addition to being a highly relevant target for the study of schizophrenia related pathways in the brain, such focus provides tractable behavioral probes for in vivo imaging studies in the illness. Our assessment is that the motor system is a highly valuable research domain for the study of schizophrenia.

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“…Another form of eye movements called pursuit (tracking movements of the eyes toward the moving target) was found to be abnormal in some schizophrenic patients . Saccade, a rapid type of eye movement, has also been reported to differ in such patients compared with healthy controls …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of eye trackers for understanding mental disorders: Cases for schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder

Shishido

Ogawa

Miyata

et al. 2019

Neuropsychopharm Rep

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Studies of eye movement have become an essential tool of basic neuroscience research. Measures of eye movement have been applied to higher brain functions such as cognition, social behavior, and higher‐level decision‐making. With the development of eye trackers, a growing body of research has described eye movements in relation to mental disorders, reporting that the basic oculomotor properties of patients with mental disorders differ from those of healthy controls. Using discrimination analysis, several independent research groups have used eye movements to differentiate patients with schizophrenia from a mixed population of patients and controls. Recently, in addition to traditional oculomotor measures, several new techniques have been applied to measure and analyze eye movement data. One research group investigated eye movements in relation to the risk of autism spectrum disorder several years prior to the emergence of verbal‐behavioral abnormalities. Research on eye movement in humans in social communication is therefore considered important, but has not been well explored. Since eye movement patterns vary between patients with mental disorders and healthy controls, it is necessary to collect a large amount of eye movement data from various populations and age groups. The application of eye trackers in the clinical setting could contribute to the early treatment of mental disorders.

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Oculomotor Prediction: A Window into the Psychotic Mind

Cited by 55 publications

References 117 publications

The function and failure of sensory predictions

The function and failure of sensory predictions

Motor system dysfunction in the schizophrenia diathesis: Neural systems to neurotransmitters

Application of eye trackers for understanding mental disorders: Cases for schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder

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