Oculometric Behavior Assessed by Pupil Response is Altered in Adolescent Depression

Sekaninova, Nikola; Ondrejka, Igor; Olexova, Lucia Bona; Višňovcová, Zuzana; Mestanik, Michal; Cesnekova, Dana; Hamrakova, A; Tonhajzerová, Ingrid

doi:10.33549/physiolres.934359

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This has been utilized in the past to characterize depressed populations regarding differences in the physiological response to various tasks, such as working memory [39], cognitive control [40,41], and emotional processing [42][43][44][45][46][47]. Further, differences in the more direct autonomic regulation of the pupil have been studied in depressed populations, such as pupillary unrest as a measure of vigilance and spontaneous arousal fluctuations [48], or the pupillary light reflex [49][50][51][52]. Our works extends this body of work by highlighting the physiological process of arousal upregulation during reward anticipation in the pathophysiology of depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupil Dilation during Reward Anticipation Is Correlated to Depressive Symptom Load in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

et al. 2020

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Depression is a debilitating disorder with high prevalence and socioeconomic cost, but the brain-physiological processes that are altered during depressive states are not well understood. Here, we build on recent findings in macaques that indicate a direct causal relationship between pupil dilation and anterior cingulate cortex mediated arousal during anticipation of reward. We translated these findings to human subjects with concomitant pupillometry/fMRI in a sample of unmedicated participants diagnosed with major depression and healthy controls. We could show that the upregulation and maintenance of arousal in anticipation of reward was disrupted in patients in a symptom-load dependent manner. We could further show that the failure to maintain reward anticipatory arousal showed state-marker properties, as it tracked the load and impact of depressive symptoms independent of prior diagnosis status. Further, group differences of anticipatory arousal and continuous correlations with symptom load were not traceable only at the level of pupillometric responses, but were mirrored also at the neural level within salience network hubs. The upregulation and maintenance of arousal during reward anticipation is a novel translational and well-traceable process that could prove a promising gateway to a physiologically informed patient stratification and targeted interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupil Dilation during Reward Anticipation Is Correlated to Depressive Symptom Load in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

et al. 2020

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“…In this study, we utilized HRV time-domain variables, which are simple to compute and considered more reliable than frequencydomain variables, especially when derived from short or ultra-short recordings. 21 The novelty of our work is in showing that PLR indicates, PDmax Furthermore, PLR has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular risk, 22 diabetic neuropathy, 18 cognitive stress, 23 depression, 24 pain disorders, 25 and various other conditions. Employing our approach has the potential to be integrated into the aforementioned fields to detect deviations from age-adjusted norms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Furthermore, PLR has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular risk, 22 diabetic neuropathy, 18 cognitive stress, 23 depression, 24 pain disorders, 25 and various other conditions. Employing our approach has the potential to be integrated into the aforementioned fields to detect deviations from age‐adjusted norms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐related changes in autonomic response: A pupillary light reflex and heart rate variability study

Paroz

Lanciano

Омельченко

et al. 2023

Neurology & Clinical Neurosc

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Background Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction has been implicated with cardiovascular diseases, sudden‐cardiac‐death, and aging. The pupillary light reflex (PLR) and heart rate variability (HRV) are noninvasive tools of autonomic evaluation. However, the former remains underutilized in clinical practice. Purpose We investigated the relationship between PLR, HRV, and aging to determine the normal distribution of age‐adjusted PLR and HRV measurements and to determine which method is best correlated with age. Methods Healthy participants aged 18–65 years were recruited. Following a dark adaptation period, pupillary reactivity parameters were collected using an automated, commercial pupillometer. HRV measurements were derived using a high‐resolution electrocardiogram. Correlations of PLR and HRV parameters to age were computed using linear‐regression analysis. Results A total of 111 healthy participants were included. Older age was correlated with lower maximum and minimum pupillary diameters following dark adaptation and illumination (R = −0.51, p < 0.001 and R = −0.47, p < 0.001, respectively). Average constriction and dilatation velocity were correlated with age (R = 0.33, p < 0.001 and R = −0.21, p = 0.025, respectively). HRV parameters were also associated inversely with age (SDNN; R = −0.31, p < 0.001 and RMSSD; R = −0.33, p < 0.001). Other parameters showed lower significance levels. Conclusion Pupillary light reflex measurements demonstrated stronger age correlation than short‐term HRV time‐domain indices. Due to its merit in depicting normal age‐related ANS changes, PLR can be utilized to differentiate between pathological and physiological deviations from age‐adjusted norms, seemingly better than HRV. Further research is warranted on incorporating PLR‐based ANS dysfunction evaluation and monitoring the increasingly aging population.

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“…This has been utilized in the past to characterize depressed population regarding differences in the physiological response to various tasks, such as working memory (Jones et al ., 2010), cognitive control (Siegle et al ., 2004; Jones et al ., 2015) and emotional processing (Siegle et al ., 2001; Silk et al ., 2007; Steidtmann et al ., 2010; Jones et al ., 2011; Siegle et al ., 2011; Burkhouse et al ., 2015). Further, differences in the more direct autonomic regulation of the pupil have been studied in depressed populations, such as pupillary unrest as a measure of vigilance and spontaneous arousal fluctuations (Schumann et al ., 2017), or the pupillary light reflex (Bar et al ., 2004; Wang et al ., 2014; Mestanikova et al ., 2017; Sekaninova et al ., 2019). Our works extends this body of work by highlighting the physiological process of arousal upregulation during reward anticipation in the pathophysiology of depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced arousal during reward anticipation in unmedicated depressed patients

Schneider

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Depression is a debilitating disorder with high prevalence and socioeconomic cost, but the central processes that are altered during depressive states remain largely elusive. Here, we build on recent findings in macaques that indicate a direct causal relationship between pupil dilation and anterior cingulate cortex mediated arousal during anticipation of reward. Using pupillometry and concurrent fMRI in a sample of unmedicated participants diagnosed with major depression and healthy controls, we observed reduced pupil dilation during reward anticipation in depressed participants with acute symptomatology. We further observed that individual differences in arousal during reward anticipation track the load and impact of depressive symptoms, a correlation that we replicated in a second sample of unmedicated depressed participants. Moreover, these group differences and correlations were mirrored at the neural level. The upregulation and maintenance of arousal during reward anticipation is a translational and well-traceable process that could prove a promising gateway to a physiologically informed patient stratification.

show abstract

Oculometric Behavior Assessed by Pupil Response is Altered in Adolescent Depression

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Pupil Dilation during Reward Anticipation Is Correlated to Depressive Symptom Load in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Pupil Dilation during Reward Anticipation Is Correlated to Depressive Symptom Load in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Age‐related changes in autonomic response: A pupillary light reflex and heart rate variability study

Reduced arousal during reward anticipation in unmedicated depressed patients

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