Oculomasticatory myorhythmia

Grotta, James C.; Pettigrew, L. Creed; Schmidt, Waldemar A.; Friedman, Glen; Snatic, Steven

doi:10.1002/ana.410220325

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The term oculo‐facio‐skeletal myorhythmia (OFSM) was introduced in 1988 by Hausser‐Hauw and colleagues, who also noted that limb myorhythmia may accompany craniocervical myorhythmia in WD . Subsequent reports provided additional evidence that OMM, often associated with OFSM, is a highly specific sign for WD …”

Section: Myorhythmia Secondary To Whipple's Disease and Other Centralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myorhythmia: Phenomenology, etiology, and treatment

2014

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Myorhythmia is defined as repetitive, rhythmic, slow (1-4 Hz) movement affecting chiefly cranial and limb muscles. When occurring in the limbs it may be oscillatory and jerky, whereas oculo-masticatory myorhythmia, typically associated with Whipple's disease, is a slow, repetitive, often asymmetrical, facial and ocular movement. Thus, myorhythmia overlaps phenomenologically with tremor and segmental myoclonus. Although often present at rest, it must be differentiated from parkinsonian or dystonic tremor. Recognition of this movement disorder is important because it is usually associated with lesions involving the brainstem, thalamus, or other diencephalic structures with potentially treatable etiologies. In addition to Whipple's disease, myorhythmia has been described in patients with cerebrovascular disease, listeria encephalitis, anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis, steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, multiple sclerosis, and other disorders. In addition to our own experience, we have systematically reviewed the medical literature, focusing on the phenomenology, pathophysiology, and etiology of this poorly recognized movement disorder. In this review, we aim to highlight the clinical features that differentiate myorhythmia from other movement disorders. Treatment should be directed against the underlying etiology.

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Section: Myorhythmia Secondary To Whipple's Disease and Other Centralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myorhythmia: Phenomenology, etiology, and treatment

2014

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“…Rhythmic cranial and limb movements, often associated with a cerebellar syndrome and eye movement disturbances, are a hallmark of CNS Whipple's disease. Two proven cases of Whipple's disease with palatal tremor have been published,2, 3 one of them with a video,3 and in our hospital we have recently seen another proven case of Whipple's with a cerebellar syndrome and palatal tremor whose MRI showed not only cerebellar atrophy but also high signal changes in the olivary nuclei.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

Rhythmic Tremor of the Palate and Other Cranial Limb Muscles, With Cerebellar Ataxia: Consider Whipple's Disease

Quinn

2001

Movement Disorders

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“…Common neurological findings include dementia, supranuclear gaze palsy, myoclonus, ataxia, hypothalamic dysfunction, altered sensorium, cognitive changes, personality changes, parkinsonism, seizures, and aseptic meningitis. 9,13,21,22,31,35,48,50,51,53 Acute increased intracranial pressure has also been reported in association with CNS Whipple disease. 33 Oculomasticatory myorhythmia and oculofacioskeletal myorhythmia are involuntary movement disorders thought to be pathognomonic for Whipple disease involving the CNS.…”

Section: Presentationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The former consists of a slow pendular nystagmus associated with synchronous opening and closing of the jaw, whereas the latter differs only in that it also involves nonfacial skeletal muscles. 22,35,50,51,53,58 The concurrent finding of ophthalmoplegia, dementia, and myoclonus is a triad highly suggestive of intracranial Whipple disease, but this triad is only seen in ~ 20% of cases. 13 …”

Section: Presentationmentioning

confidence: 96%