Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Hogan, Michael J.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1956.00930030337005

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Mets et al (1996) showed that 52 (58%) of 89 newborns with congenital T. gondii infection and ocular disease had macular lesions, which is substantially higher than the number expected if lesions were distributed randomly, considering the fact that the anatomic macula comprises only approximately 5% of the total retinal area. Other investigators have also shown a disproportionately high frequency of macular lesions among patients with ocular toxoplasmosis (Hogan et al 1964, Friedman & Knox 1969, Dodds et al 2008). Congenital T. gondii infection at an early stage of retinal development could favor macular involvement (before vascularization of the peripheral retina is complete).…”

Section: Disease Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Ocular toxoplasmosis: the influence of patient age

Holland

2009

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Disease Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Ocular toxoplasmosis: the influence of patient age

Holland

2009

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The terms, ‘classic therapy’ or ‘triple‐drug therapy’ in relation to ocular toxoplasmosis, refer to the combination of pyrimethamine (25 mg–50 mg daily orally in one to two doses), 89 sulfadiazine (1 g four times daily orally) 89 and systemic corticosteroid (often in the form of prednisone). Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine have been combined to treat ocular toxoplasmosis since the 1950s 91 . They act at different steps in the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate, and thereby impact nucleic acid synthesis by T. gondii .…”

Section: Medical Treatment Of Ocular Toxoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular toxoplasmosis II: clinical features, pathology and management

Butler

Furtado²,

Winthrop

et al. 2012

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

186

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The term, ocular toxoplasmosis, refers to eye disease related to infection with the parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. Recurrent posterior uveitis is the typical form of this disease, characterized by unilateral, necrotizing retinitis with secondary choroiditis, occurring adjacent to a pigmented retinochoroidal scar and associated with retinal vasculitis and vitritis. Multiple atypical presentations are also described, and severe inflammation is observed in immunocompromised patients. Histopathological correlations demonstrate focal coagulative retinal necrosis, and early in the course of the disease, this inflammation is based in the inner retina. For typical ocular toxoplasmosis, a diagnosis is easily made on clinical examination. In atypical cases, ocular fluid testing to detect parasite DNA by polymerase chain reaction or to determine intraocular production of specific antibody may be extremely helpful for establishing aetiology. Given the high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in most communities, serological testing for T. gondii antibodies is generally not useful. Despite a lack of published evidence for effectiveness of current therapies, most ophthalmologists elect to treat patients with ocular toxoplasmosis that reduces or threatens to impact vision. Classic therapy consists of oral pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, plus systemic corticosteroid. Substantial toxicity of this drug combination has spurred interest in alternative antimicrobials, as well as local forms of drug delivery. At this time, however, no therapeutic approach is curative of ocular toxoplasmosis.

show abstract

“…The unusual calcification in the eyeball and the chronic active progression are other remarkable features. Clinically, in a case without enucleation, the diagnosis of active ocular toxoplasmosis other than the typical neo natal pattern is established only with great difficulty due to the inconclusivcness of serological tests and the problems involved in isolating the parasite [Hogan et al, 1964;Bencini et al, 1964;F rezzotti et al, 1965;Kaufman, 1966;F rezzotti and G uerra, 1966;T erragna, 1968;T erragna et al, 1971;T erragna, 1971],…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%