Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Frenkel, J. K.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1958.00940030128013

Cited by 121 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Numerous fine floccules as already noted by some workers (Frenkel and Jacobs, 1958;Naoe, 1958) were produced in the presence of excessive heparin in the medium and made the microscopic reading of the test more difficult. The floccules occurredd significantly by the use of a conventional dose (1:10,000) or more of heparin.…”

Section: Effect Of Heparin On the Dye Testmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The procedure of the dye test used in this study was essentially the same as that described by Frenkel and Jacobs (1958) except for the application of anticoagulants under study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recommended concentration of heparin is 1:5,000 in Toxoplasma-AF suspension. With the same purpose, heparin has been used by many workers thereafter Beverley and Beattie, 1952;Frenkel and Jacobs, 1958;Naoe, 1958;Fujita, 1959). In order to see if the presence of heparin in the reaction mixture might produce certain effect on the dye test, several simultaneous tests with various concentrations of heparin were set up.…”

Section: Effect Of Heparin On the Dye Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eichenwald (1956), Frenkel and Jacobs (1958) described washing the parasites in 10% serum-saline in siliconized tubes to prevent damage to the organisms that occurs in ordinary glassware. Goldman (1956), in his study on the effect of washing of toxoplasmas with serumsaline, demonstrated that percentage of modified organisms increased when liquid portion of the peritoneal exudate was replaced with serum-saline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Anticoagulants on the Dye Test for Toxoplasmosis

Kobayashi

Kumada

Tsunematsu

1968

JJMSB

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SUMMARY : When the washed toxoplasmas are used for the dye test high percentages of modified organisms are often produced in the accessory factor saline controls. The cause of such an increasing modification of washed organisms by an accessory factor serum was proved to be attributable to loss of heparin as a result of removal of peritoneal exudate in which the anticoagulant was involved. Addition of the conventional dose of heparin to the reaction mixture resulted in increasing stainability of the washed organisms in the negative control, but produced numerous fine floccules that rendered the microscopic reading of the stained and unstained organisms so difficult. The use of Alsever's preservative or 0.15 M citrate buffer solution at pH 5.3 gave clear-cut dye test results when they were added to the reaction mixture at a proportion of 6%.EDTA-Na2 was also proved to be effective at a low concentration such as 0.043%, but in extremely narrow dose range. As the source of the accessory factor, plasma could be successfully used as in the case of using accessory factor serum plus Alsever. The favorable effect of the plasma was attributed to the presence of Alsever in it. A blindfold comparative dye test on 10 sera between the two laboratories, NIH of U. S. A. and NIH of Japan, resulted in excellent agreement.The favorable effects of these anticoagulants were thought to be attributable to chelation of excessive amounts of Mg* and Ca*, thus adjusting these cations to the moderate dose levels.

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Section: Effect Of Heparin On the Dye Testmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The procedure of the dye test used in this study was essentially the same as that described by Frenkel and Jacobs (1958) except for the application of anticoagulants under study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Heparin On the Dye Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of Anticoagulants on the Dye Test for Toxoplasmosis

Kobayashi

Kumada

Tsunematsu

1968

JJMSB

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“…Around this time, a fatal case of toxoplasmosis in an adult was also identified (Pinkerton & Weinman 1940, Sabin 1942). In the late 1940s and early 1950s Toxoplasma was shown to be involved in inflammatory diseases of the eye (Wilder 1952, Frenkel & Jacobs 1958. This led to the proposal that many cases of adult retinochoroiditis are due to T. gondii (Feldman 1953).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%