Ocular Toxoplasmosis and Hodgkin's Disease

Hoerni, B; Vallat, M; Durand, M.; Pesme, D

doi:10.1001/archopht.1978.03910050026006

Cited by 33 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Early lesions were primarily perivascular in location, suggesting that organisms reached the eye via the blood stream. Hoerni and associates reported 2 patients with Hodgkin disease who developed focal inflammatory chorioretihal lesions consistent with Toxoplasma gondii infection after being treated with chemotherapeutic agents [9]. Yeo and associates reported a patient with lymphoma treated by irradiation and chemotherapy who developed a focal retinochoroidal lesion in one eye that spread to involve the entire posterior pole [10].…”

Section: Ocular Toxoplasmosis and Immunosuppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular toxoplasmosis in the immunocompromised host

Holland¹

1989

Int Ophthalmol

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Disseminated toxoplasmosis is a well-known complication of immunodeficiency states, including those induced by malignancies, steroid and cytotoxic drug therapy, and AIDS. In immunodeficient patients, toxoplasmic infections of the eye are less common than toxoplasmic infections of other organs for unknown reasons. When ocular toxoplasmosis does occur in the immunodeficient host, or if immunosuppressive therapy is administered to patients with active disease, widespread tissue destruction by proliferating organisms may result. Immunodeficiency alone may not be sufficient, however, to cause reactivation of encysted organisms in retinochoroidal scars. Ocular toxoplasmosis in the immunocompromised host presents difficult problems in diagnosis and management. There may be a variety of clinical lesions, including single foci of retinochoroiditis in one or both eyes, multifocal lesions, or diffuse areas of retinal necrosis. The majority of lesions do not arise from the borders of preexisting scars, which suggests that they result from acquired infection or dissemination of organisms from nonocular sites of disease. Toxoplasma gondii may infect iris, choroid, and vitreous-tissues that are not usually infected in the immunocompetent host. Ocular lesions appear to respond to standard antiparasitic drug therapies, but continued treatment is probably necessary to prevent reactivation of disease in the most immunocompromised patients. The best treatment regimens have yet to be determined. Histopathologic studies show little retinal inflammation; therefore anti-inflammatory drugs, such as oral steroids, probably have no role in the management of infection.

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Section: Ocular Toxoplasmosis and Immunosuppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular toxoplasmosis in the immunocompromised host

Holland¹

1989

Int Ophthalmol

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“…Highly destructive and fulminant forms of ocular toxoplasmosis have been reported in patients immunosuppressed by AIDS, 19,20,[22][23][24][25] lymphoma and haematologic cancers, 23,[26][27][28] connective tissue disease, 23,28 organ and bone marrow transplantation, 19,20,[23][24][25][26][27][28] and chronic immunosuppressive drug therapy, including chronic corticosteroid treatment. 23,26,29,30 Toxoplasmosis as a cause of multifocal or diffuse necrotising retinitis or both clinically appearing similar to acute retinal necrosis has been reported in elderly otherwise immunocompetent patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed diagnosis of HIV infection in ophthalmic practice

Wadood

Dhillon

McIlwaine

et al. 2004

Eye

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“…Case 1, in particular, showed a florrid retinitis and multiple haemorrhagic areas, which is not characteristic of this disease. There are a number of reports of ocular toxoplasmosis affecting immunocompromised individuals (Nicholson & Wolchok 1976;Hoerni et al 1978;Ye0 et al 1983;Holland et al 1988). In patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome the disease is usually bilateral and multifocal, and does not arise in pre-existing retinochoroidal scars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%