Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Shields, Carol L.; Shields, Jerry A.

doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2015.3359

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…15,36,37 It also stains mast cells, inflammatory cells and injured cells. 38 Gichuhi et al 36 performed a study with 537 participants to determine the safety and accuracy of toluidine 0.05% in distinguishing OSSN from benign lesions. They found that there was no surface toxicity and only a mild discomfort with application of the drops (when used without an anaesthetic).…”

Section: Vital Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and staging of ocular surface squamous neoplasia

Hӧllhumer

Michelow

Williams

2020

Afr. vis. eye health

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Background: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is the most common ocular tumour. The diagnosis of OSSN is based on clinical suspicion and confirmed by various diagnostic modalities, of which histology is the gold standard. With the move to less invasive management options such as topical chemo- or immunotherapy, less invasive diagnostic options have come to the fore.Aim: The purpose of this article was to review the current staging and diagnostic modalities for OSSN with a focus on less invasive modalities.Method: A literature review was performed for publications on ocular surface neoplasia and diagnostic modalities.Results: Histology is the gold standard for diagnosing OSSN. Cytology has been shown to be a simple, repeatable and minimally invasive diagnostic modality, which also allows for additional testing such as polymerase chain reaction. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography provides a non-contact method of evaluating the ocular surface, with OSSN showing a thickened hyper-reflective epithelium, abrupt transition zone and demarcation line. Vital dyes are used less commonly with high sensitivity, but lower specificity for OSSN. Finally, confocal microscopy provides en-face images of the ocular surface, with OSSN showing a classic ‘starry night’ appearance.Conclusion: Histology remains the gold standard for diagnosis; however, with the increasing use of topical therapy for OSSN, there has been an increase in the uptake of less invasive diagnostic modalities.

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Section: Vital Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and staging of ocular surface squamous neoplasia

Hӧllhumer

Michelow

Williams

2020

Afr. vis. eye health

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“…Nevus, ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN), primary acquired melanosis (PAM), and melanoma were the four most common diagnoses associated with referral to a large United States tertiary ocular oncology center, in descending order of frequency 1. Distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions is not always straightforward,2,3 and yet it is critical to making correct clinical treatment decisions. Reliable noninvasive diagnosis of ocular surface lesions is becoming particularly important as medical therapies have been effective for select types of tumors 4,5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Malignancy in Ocular Surface Lesions by Inverse Spectroscopic Optical Coherence Tomography and Two-Photon Autofluorescence

Lee

Zhang

et al. 2019

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Purpose Advanced imaging is increasingly important in the diagnosis of ocular surface malignancy. Inverse spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (ISOCT) and two-photon autofluorescence microscopy (2P-AF) are emerging techniques capable of quantifying ultrastructural and metabolic changes, respectively. We aimed to detect malignancy in ocular surface lesions using ISOCT and 2P-AF. Methods Portions of excised specimens from patients undergoing conjunctival biopsy at Boston Medical Center were imaged by ISOCT and/or 2P-AF, and submitted for histologic diagnosis. Lesions were categorized as malignant, premalignant (with dysplasia) or benign. ISOCT and 2P-AF findings were compared between categories. Results Fourteen specimens from 13 patients were collected. The IS-OCT marker D was 2.2-fold higher in combined malignant and premalignant (4.27 ± 0.28, n = 3) versus benign (1.92 ± 0.26, n = 11) lesions ( P = 9 × 10 −4 ). ISOCT markers μ s and μ b were not significantly different. By 2P-AF, the redox ratio was 0.24-fold lower in premalignant (0.11 ± 0.004, n = 2) versus benign (0.45 ± 0.04, n = 9) lesions ( P = 1.08 × 10 −5 ). Conclusions Conjunctival lesions with higher malignant potential had higher D and lower redox ratios. Higher D can correlate with ultrastructural changes associated with malignancy, similar to what has been seen in cancers of the gut mucosa. Lower redox ratios can suggest the presence of the Warburg effect, which is associated with tumorigenesis. Translational Relevance IS-OCT and 2P-AF can potentially be applied to the detection of malignancy or malignant potential in ocular surface lesions. ISOCT allows for the detection of nanoscale ultrastructural changes that are not resolvable by conventional OCT.

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The Conjunctival Biopsy

Roberts¹,

Thum²

2021

Lee's Ophthalmic Histopathology

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Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Diagnosis and staging of ocular surface squamous neoplasia

Diagnosis and staging of ocular surface squamous neoplasia

Detection of Malignancy in Ocular Surface Lesions by Inverse Spectroscopic Optical Coherence Tomography and Two-Photon Autofluorescence

The Conjunctival Biopsy

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