Ocular phototoxicity and altitude among mountaineer guides

Chehab, Hussam El; Blein, J.-P.; Jp, Herry; Giraud, J.M.; Corre, A. Le; Chave, N.; Ract–Madoux, G.; Swalduz, B.; Mourgues, G de

doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.263.x

Cited by 6 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Considering cataract prevalence in adults of the general population, the range varied from 33.2% in central Sri Lanka (Athanasiov et al 2010) to 40.4% in central Myanmar (Athanasiov et al 2008), compared to a prevalence in outdoor workers, ranging from 37.2% in a sample of agricultural workers from Tibet to 42.4% in mountain guides from France (El Chehab et al 2012) and 42.8% in outdoor workers from north Pakistan (Burton et al 1997). A lower prevalence (25.4%) was reported in a group of younger salt workers in India (Cherian et al 2015).…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine studies were cross-sectional with a case-control design (Ughade et al 1998;Neale et al 2003;Saadat & Farvardin-Jahromi 2006;Pastor-Valero et al 2007;Echebiri et al 2010;Theodoropoulou et al 2011;El Chehab et al 2012;Zarei et al 2015;Yu et al 2016). We also included two studies in this group conducted in samples of workers with an exposed/ not exposed design (El Chehab et al 2012;Yu et al 2016). Another study conducted in workers, but without a control group, was also considered (Cherian et al 2015).…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two (Pastor-Valero et al 2007;Yu et al 2016) applied the LOCS II method (Chylack et al 1989), four (Athanasiov et al 2008(Athanasiov et al , 2010El Chehab et al 2012;Rim et al 2014) the LOCS III method (Chylack et al 1993), and three (Neale et al 2003;Mukesh et al 2006;Theodoropoulou et al 2011) used other methods. Two (Pastor-Valero et al 2007;Yu et al 2016) applied the LOCS II method (Chylack et al 1989), four (Athanasiov et al 2008(Athanasiov et al , 2010El Chehab et al 2012;Rim et al 2014) the LOCS III method (Chylack et al 1993), and three (Neale et al 2003;Mukesh et al 2006;Theodoropoulou et al 2011) used other methods.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The subtype prevalence in outdoor workers was investigated in only two studies (El Chehab et al 2012;Yu et al 2016), and with uneven results (L€ ofgren 2016). In French mountain guides working at high altitudes, the most frequent subtype was the cortical one (prevalence 30.8%), but the mixed type cataracts were not classified, and the prevalence of nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataracts was, respectively, 3.7 and 2.7% (El Chehab et al 2012). In French mountain guides working at high altitudes, the most frequent subtype was the cortical one (prevalence 30.8%), but the mixed type cataracts were not classified, and the prevalence of nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataracts was, respectively, 3.7 and 2.7% (El Chehab et al 2012).…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the most frequently adopted method and features in six of the 15 studies (Mukesh et al 2006;Saadat & Farvardin-Jahromi 2006;Athanasiov et al 2008Athanasiov et al , 2010Cherian et al 2015;Zarei et al 2015). In a French study on mountain guides (El Chehab et al 2012), the questionnaire considered various items, such as the number of days skiing per year, the number of days worked above 5000 m, the percentage of activity between 1000 and 3000 m of altitude, the percentage of activity on snow, the type of eye protection used, and the time wearing protection during working activities. These included for example the altitude and the presence of UV-reflecting fresh snow for working in mountain areas; meteorological data on solar radiation (e.g.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cataract frequency and subtypes involved in workers assessed for their solar radiation exposure: a systematic review

Modenese

Gobba

2018

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Cataract is currently the primary cause of blindness worldwide, and one of its main risk factors is solar ultraviolet radiation exposure. According to the localization of lens opacities, three main subtypes of cataract are recognized: nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular cataract. One of the main determinants of individual long-term solar radiation exposure is outdoor work. We systematically reviewed scientific literature from the last 20 years to update the recent development of research on the risk of cataract in outdoor workers and on the specific subtypes involved, also investigating the methods applied to evaluate the occupational risk. A total of 15 studies were included in the review, of which 12 showed a positive association. The studies confirm the relationship of long-term occupational solar radiation exposure with cortical cataract and give new support for nuclear cataract, although no substantial new data were available to support a relation with the posterior subcapsular subtype. In most of the studies, the exposure assessment was not adequate to support a representative evaluation of the ocular risk; however, outdoor work is clearly a relevant risk factor for cataract. Further research providing a better evaluation of the relation between solar radiation exposure levels and lens damage in workers is needed and aimed to establish adequate occupational exposure limits and better preventive measures, studying also their effectiveness.

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Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cataract frequency and subtypes involved in workers assessed for their solar radiation exposure: a systematic review

Modenese

Gobba

2018

Acta Ophthalmologica

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An Occupational Health Survey of British Mountain Guides Operating Internationally

Harkensee

Hillebrandt

2019

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

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Introduction-Professional mountain guides face significant occupational health risks, including injuries, accidents, environmental exposures, chronic musculoskeletal strain, and psychological stressors. This study aims to investigate these risks and their impact on the quality of life of a group of international British mountain guides. Methods-This self-reported online survey included demographics; acute and chronic occupational conditions; and questions on general health, lifestyle, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and quality of life based on the World Health Organization quality of life [WHOQOL-BREF] questionnaire. Results-Responses were received from 67 (32%) of the approached guides. Knee pain (75%), back and neck pain (62%), hand/upper extremity problems (51%), and lower limb injuries (49%) were the most commonly reported individual occupational health problems. Chronic eye problems were reported by 8%, and 5% reported skin cancer. Twenty-nine percent were on regular medications, which were mainly analgesics for chronic musculoskeletal complaints. Mountain guides have a healthy lifestyle, with lower rates of being overweight/obese, alcohol consumption, and smoking than the average UK population. Fourteen (61%) of the 23 guides responding to the PTSD questions reported experiencing life-threatening traumatic incidents, and 4 (25%) of this subgroup appear to have had some symptoms of PTSD. The quality of life assessment showed that the studied mountain guides have a high quality of life. Conclusions-Musculoskeletal problems are the main occupational health problems experienced by the study group. New findings include a low but important prevalence of ultraviolet radiationÀassociated conditions. One in 3 guides have experienced significant psychological trauma, and one quarter of these had symptoms of PTSD.

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Towards standardization of UV eye protection: what can be learned from photodermatology?

Krutmann

Baillet

Ayguavives

et al. 2013

Photoderm Photoimm Photomed

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SUMMARYWhile knowledge about standardization of skin protection against ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has progressed over the past few decades, there is no uniform and generally accepted standardized measurement for UV eye protection. The literature provides solid evidence that UV can induce considerable damage to structures of the eye. As well as damaging the eyelids and periorbital skin, chronic UV exposure may also affect the conjunctiva and lens. Clinically, this damage can manifest as skin cancer and premature skin ageing as well as the development of pterygia and premature cortical cataracts. Modern eye protection, used daily, offers the opportunity to prevent these adverse sequelae of lifelong UV exposure. A standardized, reliable and comprehensive label for consumers and professionals is currently lacking. In this review we (i) summarize the existing literature about UV radiation-induced damage to the eye and surrounding skin; (ii) review the recent technological advances in UV protection by means of lenses; (iii) review the definition of the Eye-Sun Protection Factor (E-SPF®), which describes the intrinsic UV protection properties of lenses and lens coating materials based on their capacity to absorb or reflect UV radiation; and (iv) propose a strategy for establishing the biological relevance of the E-SPF.

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Ocular phototoxicity and altitude among mountaineer guides

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Cataract frequency and subtypes involved in workers assessed for their solar radiation exposure: a systematic review

Cataract frequency and subtypes involved in workers assessed for their solar radiation exposure: a systematic review

An Occupational Health Survey of British Mountain Guides Operating Internationally

Towards standardization of UV eye protection: what can be learned from photodermatology?

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