Ocular manifestations of disseminated Mycobacterium chimaera infection after cardiothoracic surgery

Ma, Jingyi; Ruzicki, Jessica; Carrell, Nathan; Baker, Chad F.

doi:10.1016/j.jcjo.2021.02.032

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Using both fundus photography and biomicroscopy, chorioretinal lesions can be detected among patients infected by M. chimaera , but the extent of these lesions can vary widely [ 7 , 9 , 10 ]. Some patients have few inactive choroidal lesions, but others develop widespread lesions (progressive ocular disease).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the beginning they are usually small (50–300 mm diameter), but their size typically increases over 4 to 8 weeks in active disease. The lesions appear diffusely over both the posterior pole and the retinal periphery and have a particular uniform distribution [ 7 , 9 , 10 ]. In few patients, a stable period with clinically inactive lesions before progression to active ocular disease can occur.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last few years, Mycobacterium chimaera , a non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM), has gained awareness because of a worldwide hospital-acquired outbreak of disseminated infections following open-heart surgery [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. M. chimaera is a non-tuberculous, slow-growing, mycobacterium that belongs to the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) [ 6 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, to a TB infection, if other organs are infected, additional organ-specific symptoms can occur [ 5 , 13 , 16 , 17 ]. In particular, it has been shown that the infection has a very strong proclivity for the eyes [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 18 ]. If not promptly diagnosed and treated, M. chimaera infections often become life-threatening [ 5 , 7 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondary complications include macular and retinal neovascularization. Zweifel et al [ 7 , 9 ] have demonstrated that choroidal manifestation lesions seem to reflect systemic disease activity and can be used as an early diagnostic biomarker for assessment of treatment efficacy [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Differences between Mycobacterium chimaera and tuberculosis Using Ocular Multimodal Imaging: A Systematic Review

Zweifel

Foa

Wiest

et al. 2021

JCM

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Due to their non-specific diagnostic patterns of ocular infection, differential diagnosis between Mycobacterium (M.) chimaera and tuberculosis can be challenging. In both disorders, ocular manifestation can be the first sign of a systemic infection, and a delayed diagnosis might reduce the response to treatment leading to negative outcomes. Thus, it becomes imperative to distinguish chorioretinal lesions associated with M. chimaera, from lesions due to M. tuberculosis and other infectious disorders. To date, multimodal non-invasive imaging modalities that include ultra-wide field fundus photography, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography, facilitate in vivo examination of retinal and choroidal tissues, enabling early diagnosis, monitoring treatment response, and relapse detection. This approach is crucial to differentiate between active and inactive ocular disease, and guides clinicians in their decisional-tree during the patients’ follow-up. In this review, we summarized and compared the available literature on multimodal imaging data of M. chimaera infection and tuberculosis, emphasizing similarities and differences in imaging patterns between these two entities and highlighting the relevance of multimodal imaging in the management of the infections.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%