Ocular Manifestation in Hiv- A Clinical Study at Tertiary Centre

Abstract

BACKGROUNDThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has spread worldwide with various adverse health and economic implications, particularly in the developing world. (1) Ocular involvement in AIDS is very common and includes various clinical presentations. (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) The aim of this study is to study various ocular manifestations in the cases known to be infected with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). MATERIALS AND METHODSProspective clinical study from October 2010 to November 2012 at Govt. Regional Eye Hospital, Visakhapatnam, in association with Antiretroviral treatment (ART) Centre, KGH, Visakhapatnam. RESULTSOut of 960 HIV positive patients examined, 201 (20.93%) patients had ocular manifestations. Of these 201 patients, adults were 192 (95.5%) and children were 9 (4.5%). Out of these 201 patients age group 0 -20 were 16 (7.96%), age group 20 -40 were 120 (59.7%), age group 40 -60 were 55 (27.36%), age group > 60 were 10 (4.97%). 126 cases (62.7%) had anterior segment manifestations and 75 (37.3%) had posterior segment manifestations. Anterior segment manifestations include dry eye (12.43%), blepharitis (7.46%), molluscum (4.97%), OSSN (0.99%), dendritic ulcer (4.47%), fungal ulcer (3.98%), iridocyclitis (7.46%), HZO (9.45%), conjunctivitis (5.47%), nerve palsy (0.99%), stye (4.47%) and chronic dacryocystitis (0.49%). Posterior segment manifestations include HIV retinopathy (15.42%), CMV retinitis (12.43%), optic atrophy (1.49%), choroiditis (4.47%), PORN (1.49%) and retinal detachment (1.99%). Out of 201, 23 (11.44%) had CD4 count < 50, 40 (19.9%) had CD4 count 50 -100, 120 (59.7%) had CD4 count 200 -500 and 18 (8.95%) had CD4 count > 500. 93 (46.3%) were on HAART and 108 (53.7%) were on pre-HAART.