Ocular Inflammation Post-Vaccination

Zou, Yaru; Kamoi, Koju; Zong, Yuan; Zhang, Jing; Yang, Mingming; Ohno-Matsui, Kyoko

doi:10.3390/vaccines11101626

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases (from 1983 to June 2023) were used to search the relevant publications that included case reports and series, as mentioned in previous studies [12]. Cited cases featuring relevant mechanisms are included as examples.…”

Section: Methods Of Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent retrospective review of ocular adverse events induced by vaccines between 2010 and 2020 emphasized various vaccine-related ocular reactions, including optic neuritis, uveitis, and retinitis [11]. Our previous study summarized 61 cases of post-antiviral vaccination uveitis over a 40-year period [12]. In most cases of these ocular inflammations, they are self-limiting or recover after treatment with systematic steroids.…”

Section: Of 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous retrospective systematic review encompassed 12 cases (among 16 patients) of VZV-related ocular inflammation [12], with most patients aged 60 years or older having a history of varying degrees of immunosuppression and metabolic disorders. Importantly, almost all patients tested positive for VZV DNA, and some even tested positive for the Oka strain of the VZV vaccine [16,17], strongly suggesting a close association between ocular inflammation and administration of a still-active VZV vaccine.…”

Section: Direct Inflammation Due To Live Attenuated Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccines and the Eye: Current Understanding of the Molecular and Immunological Effects of Vaccination on the Eye

Zou,

Kamoi,

Zong

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Vaccination is a public health cornerstone that protects against numerous infectious diseases. Despite its benefits, immunization implications on ocular health warrant thorough investigation, particularly in the context of vaccine-induced ocular inflammation. This review aimed to elucidate the complex interplay between vaccination and the eye, focusing on the molecular and immunological pathways implicated in vaccine-associated ocular adverse effects. Through an in-depth analysis of recent advancements and the existing literature, we explored various mechanisms of vaccine-induced ocular inflammation, such as direct infection by live attenuated vaccines, immune complex formation, adjuvant-induced autoimmunity, molecular mimicry, hypersensitivity reactions, PEG-induced allergic reactions, Type 1 IFN activation, free extracellular RNA, and specific components. We further examined the specific ocular conditions associated with vaccination, such as uveitis, optic neuritis, and retinitis, and discussed the potential impact of novel vaccines, including those against SARS-CoV-2. This review sheds light on the intricate relationships between vaccination, the immune system, and ocular tissues, offering insights into informed discussions and future research directions aimed at optimizing vaccine safety and ophthalmological care. Our analysis underscores the importance of vigilance and further research to understand and mitigate the ocular side effects of vaccines, thereby ensuring the continued success of vaccination programs, while preserving ocular health.

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Section: Methods Of Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Of 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Direct Inflammation Due To Live Attenuated Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccines and the Eye: Current Understanding of the Molecular and Immunological Effects of Vaccination on the Eye

Zou,

Kamoi,

Zong

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…In fact, we reported an association between multiple prevalent vaccines and several forms of ocular inflammation, such as anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis [6]. Corticosteroids were effective as a treatment, yet it is crucial to note that full recovery was not achieved in half of the cases, pointing to potential long-lasting effects of these vaccines [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Long Vax in the Eye: Long Post-COVID Vaccination Syndrome Presenting with Frosted Branch Angiitis

Kamoi,

Ohno-Matsui

2024

Diseases

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mRNA COVID-19 vaccines have been reported as protecting against COVID-19 and reducing its severity, and we have recognized post-vaccination symptoms recently. This research investigates the clinical trajectories of ocular disorders in a 51-year-old female who received a second dose of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Exhibiting fever and blurred vision within 24 h post-vaccination, with progressive blurry vision over two months, she underwent in-depth ophthalmologic examinations, revealing intraocular cellular infiltration in anterior chamber, vitreous opacity, and frosted branch angiitis in both eyes. Comprehensive evaluations, including systemic workups as well as ocular and blood specimen analyses, excluded autoimmune and infectious etiologies, consolidating the diagnosis of vaccine-induced ocular inflammation. Despite adherence to prevailing therapeutic protocols, her condition showed no significant improvement over 18 months, pointing to a possible long post-COVID vaccination syndrome. Such persistent sequelae underscore the need for detailed studies to discern the interactions between vaccine-induced immune responses and the development of post-vaccination sequelae. Continual documentation of patients with long post-COVID vaccination syndrome is now essential to better understand the vaccine’s immunological effects, aiding in improving global vaccination strategies.

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“…[2][3][4][5] Uveitis has been reported following several different vaccinations, 2,3,6 with temporal associations that do not necessarily establishing a causal link. 3,7 For patients with a history of uveitis, understanding the potential impact of COVID-19 vaccination on its course, particularly its potential to induce uveitis recurrence vs recurrences coincidental to widespread vaccinations. 8,9 Anterior uveitis has been associated with administration of various COVID-19 vaccines, 2,10,11 including a recent study reporting estimated crude rates per million doses administered of 0.57 for BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech), 0.44 for mRNA-1273 (Moderna), and 0.35 for Ad26.COV2.S (Janssen).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine–Associated Uveitis in Patients With a History of Uveitis

Kim,

Kwon,

Ahn

2024

JAMA Ophthalmol

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ImportanceUnderstanding the potential risk of uveitis recurrence after COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with a history of uveitis is crucial for vaccination strategies and clinical monitoring.ObjectiveTo investigate the risk of uveitis recurrence after COVID-19 vaccination in a cohort of individuals with a history of uveitis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective population-based cohort study included individuals diagnosed with uveitis between January 1, 2015, and February 25, 2021, in South Korea. After excluding individuals without COVID-19 vaccination or with SARS-CoV-2 infection, individuals with a history of uveitis who had received at least 1 dose of a messenger RNA (BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] or mRNA-1273 [Moderna]) or adenovirus vector-based (ChAdOx1 [AstraZeneca] or Ad26.COV2.S [Janssen]) COVID-19 vaccine were included. Data were analyzed from February 26, 2021, to December 31, 2022.ExposureDemographic and clinical data, along with vaccination details, were retrieved from the Korean National Health Insurance Service and Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency databases.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes of interest were incidence and risk of postvaccination uveitis in association with different COVID-19 vaccines and periods before and after COVID-19 vaccination. Uveitis was categorized by onset (early, within 30 days, or delayed) and type (anterior or nonanterior). Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the risk of uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination, stratified according to vaccine type and vaccination period.ResultsOf 543 737 individuals with history of uveitis, 473 934 individuals (mean [SD] age, 58.9 [17.4] years; 243 127 [51.3] female) had documented COVID-19 vaccination and were included in analysis. The cumulative incidence of postvaccination uveitis was 8.6% at 3 months, 12.5% at 6 months, and 16.8% at 1 year, predominantly of the anterior type. Variations in the risk of postvaccination uveitis were observed across different vaccines and intervaccination periods. The risk of early postvaccination uveitis was increased for individuals receiving the BNT162b2 (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.52-1.86), mRNA-1273 (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.21-1.89), ChAdOx1 (HR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.43-1.79), and Ad26.COV2.S (HR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.40-3.07) vaccines. The risk of uveitis was higher particularly between the first and second vaccination doses (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.55-1.73).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that there was an elevated risk of uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination, with the vaccine type and period mediating this risk. For individuals with a history of uveitis, clinicians should consider the potential risk of uveitis recurrence in vaccination strategies and clinical monitoring.

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Ocular Inflammation Post-Vaccination

Cited by 3 publications

References 132 publications

Vaccines and the Eye: Current Understanding of the Molecular and Immunological Effects of Vaccination on the Eye

Vaccines and the Eye: Current Understanding of the Molecular and Immunological Effects of Vaccination on the Eye

Long Vax in the Eye: Long Post-COVID Vaccination Syndrome Presenting with Frosted Branch Angiitis

COVID-19 Vaccine–Associated Uveitis in Patients With a History of Uveitis

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