Ocular Dermoids in Crossbred Indian Cattle: A Comparative Evaluation of Four Year (2012 - 2015) Study Results and Literature Reviews

Abstract

| An exclusive literature on ocular dermoids in crossbred Indian cattle is currently unavailable except for sporadic reports. Medical records of past four years (2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) were investigated for evaluation of ocular dermoids in crossbred Indian cattle. The overall incidence of ocular dermoids was found to be 0.345% (5/1451). All the animals were less than five months of age. Based on anatomical location, four types of ocular dermoid were noticed either alone or in combination, both unilaterally and/or bilaterally. Unilateral presentation was common and the ventrolateral corneoconjunctival dermoid predominated by type. Bilateral coexistence of both ventrolateral corneoconjunctival dermoid and medial canthus dermoid in a single eye was noticed in a calf and is believed to be the first report of this kind. Histopathological evaluation of the ocular choristomas showed hair shafts and bulbs in addition to sebaceous and sweat glands. Postoperative evaluation showed adequate response to the surgical treatment adopted without any subsequent recurrence. Following surgical excision, a calf with bilateral corneoconjunctival dermoid repaired by superficial keratectomy and conjunctival flap developed iris prolapse, iridocyclitis and phthisis bulbi and subsequently underwent unilateral enucleation of eyeball. The acquired data was compared and evaluated with literature reviews.

Corneal dermoid in a 3-month old Sokoto gudali cross calf

“…These tissues or hair follicles usually irritate the eye and the animal suffers from chronic epiphora, conjunctivitis or keratitis and may even cause visual impairment (Nuh et al, 2012). Ocular dermoids in cattle have a low estimated prevalence of 0.002 % -0.4 % (Sarangom et al, 2016). It has been reported in cattle of many breeds worldwide, with a similar Plate III: The calf in lateral recumbency with temporary tasorrhaphy post dermoid excision surgery low prevalence in all breeds.…”

“…Being a congenital anomaly, dermoid has been recorded in different cattle breeds and is believed to be non-heritable. The condition has been evaluated and reported exclusively in native Korean, Hereford, Israeli-Holstein and Nigerian cattle with an estimated prevalence of 0.35% (Ebbo et al, 2003;Bukar et al, 2008;Roh et al, 2014;Sarangom et al, 2016). In Nigeria, Ebbo et al (2003) and Akpavie et al (2006) reported bilateral corneal dermoid in a calf in Sokoto state, Nigeria while Bukar et al (2008) reported a 0.32% prevalence in Borno state, Nigeria.…”