Ocular Complications of Antineoplastic Therapies

Bader, A.; Begemann, Madeline; Al-Obaidi, Ammar; Habib, Muhammad Hamza; Anwer, Faiz; Raza, Shahzad

doi:10.2144/fsoa-2022-0081

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…Many antitumor drugs can induce ocular toxicity, and at the same time limit the progression of cancer. Fluorouracil, methotrexate can induce ocular irritation, busulfan and methotrexate can induce cataracts, mitotane, tamoxifen can induce retinopathy ( Bader et al, 2023 ). However, etoposide and cisplatin in BEP chemotherapy, have no reports of cataract induced toxicity with their use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: a cataract induced by bleomycin in a patient with testicular cancer

Zhang,

Ji,

Sun

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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BackgroundBleomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic with outstanding anti-tumor effects. A major adverse effect of bleomycin is lung fibrosis. However, the development of cataracts as a severe adverse effect has not been reported.Case summaryHerein, we describe the first case of cataract induced by bleomycin therapy in a 22-year-old male with testicular cancer. After surgical intervention and following five successive chemotherapy cycles of the BEP regimen, including bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin, the patient reported a gradual painless loss of vision, with substantial decline in visual ability, especially in the right eye. Following comprehensive eye examinations, a cataract was diagnosed. Eventually, the patient underwent phacoemulsification and received replacement of the intraocular lenses.ConclusionBleomycin can cause cataracts, which induces a significant loss of vision. Therefore, clinicians should observe early symptoms and properly adjust treatment to prevent aggravation of symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: a cataract induced by bleomycin in a patient with testicular cancer

Zhang,

Ji,

Sun

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Imatinib has been shown to determine several ocular side effects, with anterior segment toxicity being quite common, and some cases of conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis were reported [13,[109][110][111]. Nilotinib has been associated with the onset of DED.…”

Section: Breakpoint Cluster Region-abelson Oncogene Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bortezomib, a first-generation proteasome inhibitor, is used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, mantle cell lymphoma, and other hematologic malignancies. Several cases of chalazion and blepharitis were reported after its use [111]. Despite uncertainties about the pathogenesis, an inflammatory process linked to the accumulation of degraded proteins and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the eyelid is considered plausible.…”

Section: Proteasome Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Surface Side Effects of Novel Anticancer Drugs

Vitiello,

Lixi,

Coco

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Surgery, anticancer drugs (chemotherapy, hormonal medicines, and targeted treatments), and/or radiation are common treatment strategies for neoplastic diseases. Anticancer drugs eliminate malignant cells through the inhibition of specific pathways that contribute to the formation and development of cancer. Given the ability of such pharmacological medications to combat cancerous cells, their role in the management of neoplastic diseases has become essential. However, these drugs may also lead to undesirable systemic and ocular adverse effects due to cyto/neuro-toxicity and inflammatory reactions. Ocular surface side effects are recognized to significantly impact patient’s quality of life and quality of vision. Blepharoconjunctivitis is known to be a common side effect caused by oxaliplatin, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, and docetaxel, while anastrozole, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil can all determine dry eye disease. However, the potential processes involved in the development of these alterations are yet not fully understood, especially for novel drugs currently available for cancer treatment. This review aims at analyzing the potential ocular surface and adnexal side effects of novel anticancer medications, trying to provide a better understanding of the underlying pharmacological processes and useful insights on the choice of proper management.

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