Ocular changes induced by drugs commonly used in dermatology

Turno-Kręcicka, Anna; Grzybowski, Andrzej; Misiuk-Hojło, Marta; Patryn, Eliza K.; Czajor, Karolina; Nita, Małgorzata

doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2015.11.012

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Ocular reactions to prolonged use of systemic retinoid therapy likewise include corneal opacities, disorders of refraction, and alterations in retina and optic nerve. 22 , 23 The manifestations of DSM in onchocerciasis include areas of complete pigment loss (ie, vitiligo) with islands of normal skin pigment (“leopard skin”). Consistent with the hypothesis, mice homozygous for the vitiligo (Mitf-vit) mutation experience progressive degeneration of the retina as well as uneven pigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), associated with significantly increased retinyl ester concentrations in eyes and liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoid Expression in Onchocercal Skin Disease: Pilot Study

et al. 2017

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Based on the observation that the parasite Onchocerca volvulus selectively absorbs vitamin A from the host, and the known toxicity of vitamin A in higher concentration, it was hypothesized that dying microfilariae (mf) release their stores of vitamin A (retinoids) into the host circulation in toxic concentrations, inducing the signs and symptoms of onchocerciasis. We conducted a pilot study to test the hypothesis in Songea communities in Southern Tanzania, where mass drug administration with ivermectin had not been implemented by the time of the survey. The specific aim was to evaluate the correlation between the diagnosis of onchocerciasis and increased levels of retinoic acid at infection sites. The analysis was performed by determining copy numbers of a genome of O volvulus present in skin snip samples of persons with onchocerciacis, and correlating these numbers with expression levels of retinoic acid receptor-α (RAR-α), which is inducible by retinoic acid. Total DNA and RNA were extracted from each of 25 mf-positive and 25 mf-negative skin samples and evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction with appropriate negative controls. Analysis of the samples, adjusted with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene levels, revealed that most samples with detectable RAR-α transcripts had higher levels of RAR-α expression than the assay control. However, the quality and number of samples were insufficient for statistical analysis. Fold data on the expression levels of both O volvulus DNA and RAR RNA suggested a possible trend toward higher relative RAR-α expression in samples with higher levels of O volvulus DNA (r2 = 0.25, P = .079). Evidence of a contribution of vitamin A to the pathology of onchocerciasis thus remains elusive. Future studies on the role of retinoids in onchocerciasis will require larger groups of participants as well as careful monitoring of the cold chain and tissue storage procedures in view of the sensitivity of vitamin A to heat and light.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoid Expression in Onchocercal Skin Disease: Pilot Study

et al. 2017

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“… 1 There are also reports that GC causes central serous chorioretinopathy, ptosis, mydriasis, and exophthalmos. 1 , 22 , 31 …”

Section: Ophthalmological Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cataract, usually posterior subcapsular, is associated with chronic use of systemic GCs, and its incidence can reach 58%. 22 , 31 There is no well-established correlation between cataract risk and dose/duration of GC treatment, but there seems to be an increased susceptibility for some individuals. 31 …”

Section: Ophthalmological Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%